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Review
. 2016 Mar;17(3):188-99.
doi: 10.1631/jzus.B1500068.

Antibiotic resistance mechanisms of Myroides sp

Shao-hua Hu  1 , Shu-xing Yuan  2 , Hai Qu  3 , Tao Jiang  1 , Ya-jun Zhou  1 , Ming-xi Wang  1   4 , De-song Ming  5
Affiliations
Review

Antibiotic resistance mechanisms of Myroides sp

Shao-hua Hu et al. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2016 Mar.

Abstract

Bacteria of the genus Myroides (Myroides spp.) are rare opportunistic pathogens. Myroides sp. infections have been reported mainly in China. Myroides sp. is highly resistant to most available antibiotics, but the resistance mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Current strain identification methods based on biochemical traits are unable to identify strains accurately at the species level. While 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing can accurately achieve this, it fails to give information on the status and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, because the 16S rRNA sequence contains no information on resistance genes, resistance islands or enzymes. We hypothesized that obtaining the whole genome sequence of Myroides sp., using next generation sequencing methods, would help to clarify the mechanisms of pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance, and guide antibiotic selection to treat Myroides sp. infections. As Myroides sp. can survive in hospitals and the environment, there is a risk of nosocomial infections and pandemics. For better management of Myroides sp. infections, it is imperative to apply next generation sequencing technologies to clarify the antibiotic resistance mechanisms in these bacteria.

Keywords: 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing; Antibiotic resistance; Identification methods; Myroides sp.; Next generation sequencing.

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Conflict of interest statement

Compliance with ethics guidelines: Shao-hua HU, Shu-xing YUAN, Hai QU, Tao JIANG, Ya-jun ZHOU, Ming-xi WANG, and De-song MING declare that they have no conflict of interest.

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Agarose gel electrophoresis of genomic DNA of Myroides odoratimimus strain PR63039 The genomic DNA of PR63039 was separated by gel electrophoresis using 0.75% (7.5 g/ml) agarose. The genomic DNA was about 23 kb in size. M1: 1 kb DNA marker; M2: DNA marker-G; A: 0.173 μg DNA; B: 0.273 μg DNA; C: 0.328 μg DNA. The genomic DNA was about 23 kb in size. Six different types of plasmids (1–6) were visible
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Procedure of the strategy of whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics analyses COG: Clusters of Orthologous Group; GO: Gene Ontology; KEGG: kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genome; ARDB: Antibiotic Resistance Genes Database; VFDB: Virulence Factor Database; CARD: Comprehensive Antibiotic Research Database; ncRNA: noncoding RNA; ORF: open reading frame
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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