Intraocular foreign bodies: A review

Abstract

Intraocular foreign body injuries may result in a wide range of intraocular pathology and visual outcomes based on the mechanism of injury, type of foreign body, and subsequent complications. We have reviewed the literature to describe the epidemiology and mechanisms of such injuries; types of foreign bodies; imaging tools for diagnosis; current trends in management, presurgical, and surgical interventions; as well as visual prognosis and potential complications. The purpose of this review is to familiarize clinicians with the recent advances in diagnosis and management of such injuries.

Keywords: chalicosis; endophthalmitis; intraocular foreign body; nail gun injury; ocular trauma; open-globe injury; penetrating ocular injury; ruptured globe; siderosis bulbi; sympathetic ophthalmia.