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. 2016 Mar 21:6:23338.
doi: 10.1038/srep23338.

First Introduction of NiSe2 to Anode Material for Sodium-Ion Batteries: A Hybrid of Graphene-Wrapped NiSe2/C Porous Nanofiber

Jung Sang Cho  1 , Seung Yeon Lee  1 , Yun Chan Kang  1
Affiliations

First Introduction of NiSe2 to Anode Material for Sodium-Ion Batteries: A Hybrid of Graphene-Wrapped NiSe2/C Porous Nanofiber

Jung Sang Cho et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

The first-ever study of nickel selenide materials as efficient anode materials for Na-ion rechargeable batteries is conducted using the electrospinning process. NiSe2-reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-C composite nanofibers are successfully prepared via electrospinning and a subsequent selenization process. The electrospun nanofibers giving rise to these porous-structured composite nanofibers with optimum amount of amorphous C are obtained from the polystyrene to polyacrylonitrile ratio of 1/4. These composite nanofibers also consist of uniformly distributed single-crystalline NiSe2 nanocrystals that have a mean size of 27 nm. In contrast, the densely structured bare NiSe2 nanofibers formed via selenization of the pure NiO nanofibers consist of large crystallites. The initial discharge capacities of the NiSe2-rGO-C composite and bare NiSe2 nanofibers at a current density of 200 mA g(-1) are 717 and 755 mA h g(-1), respectively. However, the respective 100(th)-cycle discharge capacities of the former and latter are 468 and 35 mA h g(-1). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements reveal the structural stability of the composite nanofibers during repeated Na-ion insertion and extraction processes. The excellent Na-ion storage properties of these nanofibers are attributed to this structural stability.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Formation mechanism of the NiSe2 nanoparticle-decorated rGO-C composite nanofibers.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Morphologies, SAED pattern, XRD pattern, and elemental mapping images of the NiSe2-rGO-C composite nanofibers formed by selenization process of the carbonized nanofibers.
(a) SEM image, (b–d) TEM images, (e–g) HR-TEM images, (h) SAED pattern, (i) XRD pattern, and (j) elemental mapping images.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Morphologies, SAED pattern, XRD pattern, and elemental mapping images of the bare NiSe2 nanofibers formed by selenization process of the nanofibers.
(a) SEM image, (b–d) TEM images, (e) SAED pattern, (f) XRD pattern, and (g) elemental mapping images.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Electrochemical properties of the NiSe2-rGO-C composite nanofibers and dense structured bare NiSe2 nanofibers for sodium ion storage.
(a) cyclic voltammogram (CV) curves of NiSe2-rGO-C composite nanofibers, (b) CV curves of bare NiSe2 nanofibers, (c) initial charge/discharge curves at a constant current density of 200 mA g−1, (d) cycling performances at a constant current density of 200 mA g−1, and (e) rate performances.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Nyquist impedance plots of the NiSe2-rGO-C composite nanofibers and bare NiSe2 nanofibers.
(a) Nyquist impedance plots of the nanofibers before cycling, (b) Nyquist impedance plots of bare NiSe2 nanofibers after cycling, (c) Nyquist impedance plots of NiSe2-rGO-C composite nanofibers after cycling, and (d) equivalent circuit model used for AC impedance fitting.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Morphologies of the (a) NiSe2-rGO-C composite nanofibers and (b) bare NiSe2 nanofibers with dense structure obtained after 100 cycles at a constant current density of 200 mA g−1.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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