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. 2015 Oct;11(Suppl 4):S619-24.
doi: 10.4103/0973-1296.172973.

Inhibitory Effect of Spirulina maxima on the Azoxymethane-induced Aberrant Colon Crypts and Oxidative Damage in Mice

Isela Álvarez-González  1 , Víctor Islas-Islas  1 , Germán Chamorro-Cevallos  2 , Juan Pablo Barrios  2 , Norma Paniagua  3 , Verónica R Vásquez-Garzón  4 , Saúl Villa-Treviño  5 , Osiris-Madrigal-Santillán  6 , José Antonio Morales-González  6 , Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar  1
Affiliations

Inhibitory Effect of Spirulina maxima on the Azoxymethane-induced Aberrant Colon Crypts and Oxidative Damage in Mice

Isela Álvarez-González et al. Pharmacogn Mag. 2015 Oct.

Abstract

Background: Spirulina maxima (Sm) is a cyanobacterium well known because of its high nutritive value, as well as its anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, antioxidant, and anti-genotoxic activities.

Objective: To determine the capacity of Sm to inhibit the induction of aberrant colon crypts (AC), as well as the level of lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidative damage in mice treated with azoxymethane (AOM).

Materials and methods: Sm (100, 400, and 800 mg/kg) was daily administered to animals by the oral route during 4 weeks, while AOM (10 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected to mice twice in weeks 2 and 3 of the assay. We also included a control group of mice orally administered with distilled water along the assay, as well as other group orally administered with the high dose of Sm.

Results: A significant decrease in the number of AC with the three tested doses of Sm, with a mean protection of 51.6% respect to the damage induced by AOM. Also, with the three doses of the alga, we found a reduction in the level of lipoperoxidation, as well as in regard to the percentage of the DNA adduct 8-hydroxy-2'- deoxyguanosine.

Conclusion: Sm possesses anti-precarcinogenic potential in vivo, as well as capacity to reduce the oxidative damage induced by AOM.

Summary: Azoxymethane (AOM) induced a high number of colon aberrant crypts in mouse. It also increased the level of peroxidation and of DNA oxidation in the same organ.Spirulina maxima significantly reduced the number of AOM-induced colon aberrant crypts in mouse. It also reduced the AOM-induced lipid and DNA oxidation in mouse.The results suggest a chemopreventive potential for the tested algae.

Keywords: Azoxymethane; Spirulina; chemoprevention; colon damage; mice.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Aberrant crypts induced in the colon of mice treated with azoxymethane and Spirulina maxima. Each bar represents the mean ± sampling distribution means of eight mice per group. aStatistically significant difference with respect to the value of the azoxymethane group, and bwith respect to the control group. Analysis of variance and Holm–Sidak test, P < 0.05
Figure 2
Figure 2
Percentage of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine in the colon of mice treated with azoxymethane and Spirulina maxima. Each bar represents the mean ± sampling distribution means of 8 mice per group. aStatistically significant difference with respect to the value of the azoxymethane group, and bwith respect to the control group. Analysis of variance and Student–Newman–Keuls tests, P < 0.05
Figure 3
Figure 3
Lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde level) induced in the colon of mice treated with azoximethane and Spirulina maxima. Each bar represents the mean ± sampling distribution means of seven mice per group. aStatistically significant difference with respect to the azoxymethane group, and bwith respect to the control group. Analysis of variance and Holm–Sidak tests, P < 0.05
None
Dr. Verónica Vásquez-Garzón
None
Dr. Isela Álvarez-González
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