Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2016 Mar 29:9:192.
doi: 10.1186/s13104-016-2004-8.

Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection in a cohort of tuberculosis patients at Metema Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a 3 years retrospective study

Daniel Tarekegne  1 , Muhabaw Jemal  1 , Tadesse Atanaw  1 , Ashenafi Ebabu  1 , Mengistu Endris  1 , Feleke Moges  1 , Belay Tessema  1 , Tekalign Deressa  2
Affiliations

Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection in a cohort of tuberculosis patients at Metema Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a 3 years retrospective study

Daniel Tarekegne et al. BMC Res Notes. .

Abstract

Background: Ethiopia is one of the countries that are highly affected by dual epidemics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB). HIV infection is a known risk factor for the development of active TB and it challenges in diagnosis and treatment of TB. Thus, it is essential to determine the epidemiology of HIV infection among TB patients to guide clinical actions and inform the policy makers. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of HIV infection among TB patients and to describe the associated risk factors for HIV seropositivity.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on TB registries at Metema Hospital directly observed therapy short-course (DOTS) clinic. Binary and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association of HIV seropositivity among TB patients. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results: Of the total 2096 patients, 2005 (95.7%) were tested for HIV. The overall HIV-TB co-infection rate was 20.1% (404), 12.3% (246) in males and 7.9% (158) in females. The highest proportion of co-infection rate was observed among the patients in the age group of 25-34 years (32.4%) and smear negative pulmonary TB patients (59.7%). A declining trend of HIV-TB co-infection was observed during the study period, from 22.1% (185) in 2009/10 to 12.8% (52) in 2011/12 (X(2) = 17.07, P < 0.001).

Conclusions: This study found that HIV-TB co-infection is still high in the Metema area; and occurs more frequently in males than females, and among patients in age group of 25-34 years. Thus, concerted efforts and interventions methods that target these at risk groups are recommended.

Keywords: Co-infection; HIV; Metema; Northwest Ethiopia; Trends; Tuberculosis.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
A flow chart showing characteristics of TB patients with respect to their HIV status and forms of tuberculosis. TB tuberculosis, PTB+ smear positive pulmonary TB, PTB− smear negative pulmonary TB, EPTB extra-pulmonary TB
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis control report. WHO/HTM/TB/2012.6. Geneva: WHO; 2012.
    1. World Health Organization. Global tuberulosis report 2014. WHO/HTM/TB/2014.08. Geneva: WHO; 2014.
    1. World Health Organization. Tuberculosis/HIV and MDR/XDR TB. Geneva: WHO. http://www.who.int/tb/challenges/hiv/en/. Accessed 10 May 2015.
    1. Whalen CC, Zalwango S, Chiunda A, Malone L, Eisenach K, Joloba M, Boom WH, Mugerwa R. Secondary attack rate of tuberculosis in urban households in Kampala, Uganda. PLoS ONE. 2011;6(2):e16137. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016137. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. World Health Organization: Global tuberculosis control report. WHO/HTM/TB/2011.5. Geneva: WHO; 2011.

MeSH terms