Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2016 Feb;28(1):92-8.
doi: 10.3978/j.issn.1000-9604.2016.02.05.

Understanding the molecular pathogenesis and prognostics of bladder cancer: an overview

Ming Zhao  1 , Xiang-Lei He  1 , Xiao-Dong Teng  1
Affiliations
Review

Understanding the molecular pathogenesis and prognostics of bladder cancer: an overview

Ming Zhao et al. Chin J Cancer Res. 2016 Feb.

Abstract

The knowledge of cellular mechanisms in malignances of the bladder has grown exponentially. Molecular technologies have led to the discovery of the molecular pathways distinguishing low-and high-grade urothelial neoplasms. This trend portends the future in which the classification and diagnosis of the bladder tumors through morphologic analysis will be supported by molecular information correlating with prognosis and targeted therapy. This article outlines tumor molecular pathology of bladder cancer with an emphasis on several promising candidate biomarkers that may soon make their transition to the realm of clinical management of bladder cancer.

Keywords: Biomarkers; bladder cancer; molecular pathology; prognosis.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Divergent molecular pathways of oncogenesis in superficial and muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Netto GJ, Cheng L. Emerging critical role of molecular testing in diagnostic genitourinary pathology. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2012;136:372-90. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Xylinas E, Kluth LA, Rieken M, et al. Urine markers for detection and surveillance of bladder cancer. Urol Oncol 2014;32:222-9. - PubMed
    1. Bostwick DG, Cheng L. Urologic Surgical Pathology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders, 2014.
    1. Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, et al. Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin 2005;55:74-108. - PubMed
    1. Cheng L, Davison DD, Adams J, et al. Biomarkers in bladder cancer: translational and clinical implications. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2014;89:73-111. - PubMed