Effect of rapid mobilization on ejection fractions and ventricular volumes after acute myocardial infarction

Abstract

Despite the current practice of early mobilization and early hospital discharge after uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction (AMI), physicians are reluctant to permit normal physical and social activity for several weeks after the AMI "to allow the heart to heal." This study tested whether it was possible to identify a low risk group of patients on day 3 after AMI, and whether vigorous early mobilization from days 4 through 7 affected left ventricular function and volumes (studied by gated blood pool scan on days 4 and 14). There was 1 death in 3 months in 45 patients with uncomplicated AMI suitable for randomization to activity (group A) compared with 11 deaths in 55 patients unsuitable for rapid early mobilization (group B) (p less than 0.01). Early vigorous mobilization in 24 of the group A patients compared with sedentary care in 20 did not affect change in ejection fraction, end-diastolic volume, end systolic-volume, stroke volume, heart rate or cardiac output between days 4 and 14. A very low risk group suitable for early vigorous mobilization can be defined on day 3 after AMI; further, vigorous early mobilization does not affect left ventricular function or volumes. Early return to physical, social and occupational activity after uncomplicated AMI should result in marked reduction in direct and indirect costs of AMI.