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. 2016 Mar 22:5:355.
doi: 10.1186/s40064-016-1997-8. eCollection 2016.

The genetic diversity of triticale genotypes involved in Polish breeding programs

Agnieszka Niedziela  1 , Renata Orłowska  1 , Joanna Machczyńska  1 , Piotr T Bednarek  1
Affiliations

The genetic diversity of triticale genotypes involved in Polish breeding programs

Agnieszka Niedziela et al. Springerplus. .

Abstract

Genetic diversity analysis of triticale populations is useful for breeding programs, as it helps to select appropriate genetic material for classifying the parental lines, heterotic groups and predicting hybrid performance. In our study 232 breeding forms were analyzed using diversity arrays technology markers. Principal coordinate analysis followed by model-based Bayesian analysis of population structure revealed the presence of weak data structuring with three groups of data. In the first group, 17 spring and 17 winter forms were clustered. The second and the third groups were represented by 101 and 26 winter forms, respectively. Polymorphic information content values, as well as Shannon's Information Index, were higher for the first (0.319) and second (0.309) than for third (0.234) group. AMOVA analysis demonstrated a higher level of within variation (86 %) than among populations (14 %). This study provides the basic information on the presence of structure within a genetic pool of triticale breeding forms.

Keywords: DArT markers; Genetic diversity; Triticale.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Principal coordinate analysis of the 161 genotypes based on Jaccard distances. Percentages in parentheses refer to the proportion of variance explained by the principal coordinate. Violet filled square states for winter forms; Blue ones reflect spring forms. Coordinate 1 explained 8.7 %, and Coordinate 2 explained 6.5 % of the total genetic variation
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Graphical visualization of estimated population structure. Plots generated with the DISTRUCT software based on the Q-matrix consensus permuted across six replications for K = 3 using the CLUMPP software. Vertical lines demarcate the populations evaluated in Structure Harvester using Evanno method (Pop1, Pop2, and Pop3), with the widths of the corresponding boxes proportional to the numbers of individuals analyzed in the populations. The coloring indicates proportional cluster assignment for each individual
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