Salidroside alleviates oxidative stress in the liver with non- alcoholic steatohepatitis in rats

Abstract

Background: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by fat accumulation in the hepatocyte, inflammation, liver cell injury, and varying degrees of fibrosis, and can lead to oxidative stress in liver. Here, we investigated whether Salidroside, a natural phenolic antioxidant product, can protect rat from liver injury during NASH.

Methods: NASH model was established by feeding the male SD rats with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet for 14 weeks. Four groups of male SD rats including, normal diet control group, NASH model group, and Salidroside treatment group with150mg/kg and 300 mg/kg respectively, were studied. Salidroside was given by oral administration to NASH in rats from 9 weeks to 14 weeks. At the end of 14 weeks, liver and serum were harvested, and the liver injury, oxidative stress and histological features were evaluated.

Results: NASH rats exhibited significant increases in the following parameters as compared to normal diet control rats: fat droplets with foci of inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver. ALT, AST in serum and TG, TC in hepatocyte elevated. Oxidative responsive genes including CYP2E1 and Nox2 increased. Additionally, NASH model decreased antioxidant enzymes SOD, GSH, GPX, and CAT in the liver due to their rapid depletion after battling against oxidative stress. Compared to NASH model group, treatment rats with Salidroside effectively reduced lipid accumulation, inhibited liver injury in a does-dependent manner. Salidroside treatment restored antioxidant enzyme levels, inhibited expression of CYP2E1 and Nox2 mRNA in liver, which prevented the initial step of generating free radicals from NASH.

Conclusion: The data presented here show that oral administration of Salidroside prevented liver injury in the NASH model, likely through exerting antioxidant actions to suppress oxidative stress and the free radical-generating CYP2E1 enzyme, Nox2 in liver.

Keywords: CYP2E1; Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; Nox2; Oxidative stress; Salidroside.

Fig. 1

SDS improved histological features of NASH (1A-1C)- induced by high-fat and high-cholesterol diet in rats (a: normal H&E 100x magnification; b: NASH model H&E 100x magnification; c: SDS 300 mg/kg. H&E 100x magnification) and NAS score (1d). (Data are mean + SD, n = 10 per group. ##P < 0.01 compared to normal control; **P < 0.01 compared to NASH model)

Fig. 2

SDS (150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg) dose-dependent decreased ALT (2a), AST (2b) in the serum and TG (2c), TC (2d) in the hepatocyte of NASH-induced by high-fat and high-cholesterol diet in rats. (Data are mean + SD, n = 10 per group. ##P < 0.01 compared to normal control; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared to NASH model)

Fig. 3

Dose-dependent inhibitory effects of SDS (150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg) on hepatic CYP2E1 (3a) and Nox2 (3b) mRNA expression in liver with NASH-induced by high-fat and high-cholesterol diet in rats. (Data are mean + SD, n = 10 per group. ##P < 0.01 compared to normal control; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared to NASH model)