Dependence for food-related activities in the elderly

Abstract

The objective of this study was to describe dependence for the activities of food shopping, preparing meals and eating in elderly residents from the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. Bivariate analysis and ordinal logistic regression were employed to assess the three dependencies and exposure variables studied. Of the 1,451 older adults assessed, 21.1% required assistance for some activities where this care was given predominantly by son/daughter and partners. The highest prevalence of dependence was for food shopping (20.7%), followed by preparing meals (11.5%) and eating (2.0%). Elderly aged 80 years or older were more likely to be in a greater dependence category than individuals aged 60-69 years, with odds ratios of 5.0 for men and 7.1 for women. The odds ratio in individuals who self-rated their health as regular, poor or very poor was approximately 2.3 times greater, proving similar for both genders. Women with no partner had a 1.7 times greater chance of dependence whilst individuals with greater educational level exhibited 70.0% protection for their reference category; men with lower socioeconomic level had a 5.3 times greater chance of dependence than individuals with higher socioeconomic level. These results highlight the most vulnerable subgroups for dependencies and the importance of a family caregiver.