Young age and high cost are associated with future preference for stopping tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in Chinese with chronic myeloid leukemia

Abstract

Purpose: To explore therapy-goals and patients' expectations regarding discontinuing tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) therapy in Chinese with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). To identify variables associated with these expectations and preferences.

Methods: Noninterventional, cross-sectional study using questionnaires distributed to persons with CML and answered anonymously.

Results: With CML in chronic phase, 888 respondents were evaluable. In total, 513 respondents (58 %) were male. Median age was 41 years (range 18-88 years). Median TKI therapy duration was 3 years (range <1-13 years). In total, 735 respondents (83 %) paid part or all of the cost of TKI. As their treatment goal, 430 of 888 respondents (48 %) reported treatment-free remission (TFR). In the future, 734 respondents (83 %) expected to discontinue TKI. Multivariate analyses confirmed younger age [HR = 1.3; (1.1, 1.4); P < 0.001] and higher out-of-pocket expense [HR = 1.2; (1.1, 1.4); P < 0.001] were associated with TFR as a therapy-goal. Both variables were also associated with patients' hope to stop TKI therapy in the future: HR = 1.4; (0.8, 1.7; P < 0.001) and HR = 1.5; (1.3, 1.8; P < 0.001). Achieving a complete molecular response [HR = 1.8 (1.1, 2.9); P = 0.017] and decreased quality of life resulting from adverse effects [HR = 1.2; (1.0, 1.5); P = 0.021] were factors associated with the expectation of discontinuing TKI therapy.

Conclusions: Younger age and higher out-of-pocket cost are associated with patients' preference for stopping TKI therapy.

Keywords: Chronic myeloid leukemia; Dasatinib; Imatinib; Nilotinib; Tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Fig. 1

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors received

Fig. 2

Annual out-of-pocket cost for tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy

Fig. 3

Reasons for respondents’ preference to discontinue tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy (a) or not (b)