Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2016 Sep;61(7):765-76.
doi: 10.1007/s00038-016-0822-z. Epub 2016 Apr 18.

Interaction between education and income on the risk of all-cause mortality: prospective results from the MOLI-SANI study

Marialaura Bonaccio  1 , Augusto Di Castelnuovo  2 , Simona Costanzo  2 , Mariarosaria Persichillo  2 , Maria Benedetta Donati  2 , Giovanni de Gaetano  2 , Licia Iacoviello  2
Affiliations

Interaction between education and income on the risk of all-cause mortality: prospective results from the MOLI-SANI study

Marialaura Bonaccio et al. Int J Public Health. 2016 Sep.

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the separate and inter-related associations of education and household income in relation to all-cause mortality.

Methods: Prospective study on 16,247 men and women (≥35 years), a sub-sample of the MOLI-SANI cohort that had been randomly recruited within an Italian general population. Both education and income were used as categorical variables. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated by Cox-proportional hazard models.

Results: Over a median follow-up of 7.7 years (125,016 person-years), 694 deaths were ascertained. Either education (HR = 0.68; 95 % CI 0.51-0.91) or income (HR = 0.57; 0.42-0.77) was inversely associated with mortality. After simultaneous adjustment, the association of education appeared to be largely explained by income. A significant interaction between both variables was found (p = 0.0078). The inverse association with mortality was stronger when a higher income was combined with a higher educational level (HR = 0.59; 0.38-0.92 for the highest combination of the two indicators).

Conclusions: Either education or income was the predictor of mortality in a large sample of the Italian population. The two variables significantly interacted and the inverse association of income with mortality tended to be stronger within higher education groups.

Keywords: Education; Income; Interaction; Mortality.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2008 Oct;15(5):526-32 - PubMed
    1. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2006 Jan;60(1):7-12 - PubMed
    1. JAMA. 1998 Jun 3;279(21):1703-8 - PubMed
    1. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2006 Sep;60(9):804-10 - PubMed
    1. J Nutr. 2003 Nov;133(11 Suppl 2):3911S-3926S - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources