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. 2016 Jan;32(1):55-61.
doi: 10.6515/acs20150509a.

Heart Failure Functional Class Associated with Depression Severity But Not Anxiety Severity

Etem Celik  1 , Serkan Cay  1 , Baris Sensoy  1 , Sani Murat  2 , Fatih Oksuz  1 , Tayyar Cankurt  1 , Mehmet Ali Mendi  1
Affiliations

Heart Failure Functional Class Associated with Depression Severity But Not Anxiety Severity

Etem Celik et al. Acta Cardiol Sin. 2016 Jan.

Abstract

Background: Depression and anxiety are common in heart failure (HF) patients and associated with adverse clinical outcomes. However, there are little or no published data that focuses on the relationship between these commonly observed situations and HF classes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between these psychiatric co-morbidities and HF symptom classes. As a second objective of our study, the associations between patient characteristics and depression severity were also assessed.

Methods: Our study enrolled a total of 420 HF study participants. The severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms was evaluated by Beck's depression and anxiety. The measured total scores were used to grade depression severity and anxiety as minimal/mild and moderate/severe.

Results: According to NYHA Functional Classification, 228 patients (51%) had class I symptoms, 101 (23%) had class II symptoms, 31 (7%) had class III symptoms, and class IV symptoms were noted in the remaining 60 patients (19%). The mean Beck's depression and anxiety scores were 12.4 ± 11.1 and 13.4 ± 9.0, respectively. While no association between HF symptom classes and anxiety severity was observed, a significant positive relation between HF symptom class and depression score was found.

Conclusions: The results of our study suggested that HF symptom class was positively associated with severity of depression. On the other hand, there was no association between HF symptom class and anxiety score in a wide population of heart failure patients.

Key words: Anxiety; Depression; Heart failure.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of BDI scores according to NYHA class. BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; NYHA, New York Heart Association.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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