A Multimodal Approach to Rejuvenation of the Lower Face

Abstract

Background: Facial aging is multifactorial, including changes in all the anatomical layers of the face including bone, fat, connective tissues and skin.

Methods: An evaluation of the multifactorial causation of facial aging pointed to the need for a multifactorial approach to restoration and rejuvenation of the aging human face.

Results: The varied aetiologies of the expressions of facial aging require more interventions than a unipolar approach. Combinations of neuromodulators, three and two-dimensional fillers and energy based devices were discussed. Surgical interventions were also discussed but were not addressed in this paper.

Conclusions: A multimodal approach to lower facial rejuvenation and restoration is discussed as the most effective and appropriate method to achieve noninvasive aesthetic treatment success.