[Oligometastasized stage IV colorectal cancer : Surgical resection and local ablative procedures]

Abstract

Background: By the intensified combination of systemic, surgical and local ablative therapies a significant improvement in therapy results for metastasized colorectal cancer has been achieved in the last decade. Downstaging with subsequent resection is nowadays a standard for oligometastasized primarily unresectable colorectal cancer.

Material and methods: The value of combining resection and local ablation is unclear; therefore, this article gives an overview of the available literature dealing with the combination of surgery and local ablative methods for oligometastasized stage IV colorectal cancer.

Results: The best results were obtained following surgical resection alone. Whereas nowadays cryoablation is of minor importance, the most successful results are achieved following local ablative methods by radiofrequency and microwave ablation. In the future irreversible electroporation will be the most promising local ablative method. A combination of surgical resection and local ablation appears to be rational in patients if an R0 resection can be achieved.

Conclusion: Surgical resection of colorectal liver metastases is the gold standard for oncological therapy whenever possible. The rational combination of non-curative surgical resection and local ablation should be considered in the context of a multimodal therapeutic strategy, particularly in patients with primarily resectable disease.

Keywords: Colon cancer; Liver metastases; Microwave ablation; Radiofrequence ablation; Surgery.