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. 2016 Jun;157(2):351-361.
doi: 10.1007/s10549-016-3814-z. Epub 2016 May 4.

Risk prediction for local versus regional/metastatic tumors after initial ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosis treated by lumpectomy

Annette M Molinaro  1 , Jennette D Sison  2 , Britt-Marie Ljung  3 , Thea D Tlsty  4 , Karla Kerlikowske  5   6
Affiliations

Risk prediction for local versus regional/metastatic tumors after initial ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosis treated by lumpectomy

Annette M Molinaro et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2016 Jun.

Abstract

Among women diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), we identified factors associated with local invasive cancer (LIC) and regional/metastatic invasive cancer (RMIC) and provide 10-year risks based on clinically relevant factors. We created a retrospective, population-based cohort of 1492 women with an initial diagnosis of DCIS (1983-1996) treated by lumpectomy alone. Histological and molecular markers (Ki67, ER, PR, COX-2, p16, ERBB2) were collected on DCIS cases with a subsequent tumor (DCIS, LIC, or RMIC) and a subsample of frequency-matched controls without subsequent tumors. Competing risks methods were used to identify factors associated with LIC and RMIC and cumulative incidence methods to estimate 10-year risks for combinations of factors. Median follow-up time was 12.6 years (range 0.5-29.5 years). The overall 10-year risk of LIC (11.9 %) was higher than for RMIC (3.8 %). About half of women with initial DCIS lesions are detected by mammography and p16 negative and have a 10-year risk of LIC of 6.2 % (95 % CI 5.8-6.8 %) and RMIC of 1.2 % (95 % CI 1.1-1.3 %). Premenopausal women whose DCIS lesion was p16 positive or p16 negative and detected by palpation had high 10-year risk of LIC of 23.0 % (95 % CI 19.3-27.4 %). Ten-year risk of RMIC was highest at 22.5 % (95 % CI 13.8-48.1 %) for those positive for p16, COX-2, and ERRB2, and negative for ER, but prevalence of this group is low at 3 %. Ten-year risk of LIC and RMIC is low for the majority diagnosed with DCIS. Combinations of molecular markers and method of detection of initial DCIS lesion can differentiate women at low and high risk of LIC and RMIC.

Keywords: Ductal carcinoma in situ; Local invasive cancer; Recurrence; Regional/metastatic invasive cancer; Risk.

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Conflict of interest statement

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest The authors have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Survival experiences of four risk groups for LIC (a) and RMIC (b). See Tables 5 and 6 for definitions of groups. Curves are averaged cumulative incidence function survival estimates at each of 2500 time points
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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