Successful use of intravitreal ranibizumab injection and combined treatment in the management of Coats' disease

Abstract

Purpose: To observe the efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) combined with another ablative therapy, such as laser photocoagulation, for Coats' disease.

Methods: Patients younger than 16 years of age who were diagnosed with Coats' disease were included in this study. They were treated with IVR (0.5 mg, monthly in the first 3 months) as an initial treatment, which was combined with another ablative therapy, such as laser photocoagulation or cryotherapy, as needed. The main data evaluation and outcome measurements included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before and after treatment, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), the number of treatment sessions, and ocular and systemic side-effects during follow-up.

Results: Seventeen patients were included in this study; the average age was 7.9 ± 3.8 years, and the average follow-up time was 9.7 ± 3.3 months. The mean number of IVR treatments was 3.9 ± 1.0. Sixteen patients (94.1%) needed another treatment. Eleven patients (64.7%) were stable at the final follow-up. The BCVA at the last follow-up was significantly improved compared to baseline (p < 0.001). Telangiectasia regression was found in all patients. Partial and total retinal attached was found in 14 patients (82.4%), and exudate resolution was found in eight patients (47.1%). There were no severe ocular or systemic side-effects during the follow-up period.

Conclusion: Intravitreal ranibizumab combined with other ablative therapies as an initial treatment is an effective and safe treatment approach for Coats' disease that may improve the visual acuity and reduce the subretinal fluid, exudates and telangiectasia.

Keywords: Coats' disease; combined treatment; intravitreal ranibizumab injection.