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. 2016 May;8(5):966-76.
doi: 10.21037/jtd.2016.03.69.

Prevalence of metastasis in T1b esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective analysis of 258 Chinese patients

Xiaotong Qi  1 , Mingna Li  1 , Sheng Zhao  1 , Jinhua Luo  1 , Yongfeng Shao  1 , Zhihong Zhang  1 , Yijiang Chen  1
Affiliations

Prevalence of metastasis in T1b esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective analysis of 258 Chinese patients

Xiaotong Qi et al. J Thorac Dis. 2016 May.

Abstract

Background: There is controversy regarding the impact of different depths of submucosal invasion on lymph node metastasis (LNM) and overall survival (OS). We evaluated the impact of depth of submucosal invasion on the presence of metastatic lymphadenopathy and survival in a Chinese population with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: A total of 258 patients who underwent esophagectomy from November 2009 to March 2014 were studied. Demographics of patients, tumor characteristics, and surgical information were retrospectively collected through medical records. Submucosal invasion was equally categorized into inner one-third (sm1), middle one-third (sm2), and deep one-third (sm3) invasion by pathologists. The patients were observed at the outpatient department in accordance with appointed time and recurrence, and deaths were recorded. The median follow-up duration was 26 months and the deadline was April 2015. Cancer characteristics and its association with LNM and OS were analyzed.

Results: The study included 75 (29.1%) sm1, 73 (28.3%) sm2, and 110 (42.6%) sm3 patients, and the rates of LNM were 12% (9/75), 11% (8/73), and 20.9% (23/110), respectively. sm3 might be associated with regional LNM (univariate analysis, P=0.041). Tumor volume >1.856 cm(3) (P=0.022) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (P=0.004) predicted LNM using multivariate analysis. No significant differences in distant metastases were observed according to the depth of invasion. Only metastatic lymph nodes predicted OS (P<0.001) rather than the depth of invasion.

Conclusions: Submucosal ESCC showed a substantial rate of LNM. In T1b ESCC, after adjusting for possible covariates, depth of invasion does not predict LNM or OS.

Keywords: Esophageal cancer; endoscopy; esophageal surgery.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Cancer invasion into submucosal esophageal cancer (T1b). T1b is equally categorized into inner (sm1), middle (sm2), and deep submucosa (sm3).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flowchart of patient inclusion and exclusion. ESCC, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; sm1, inner third submucosa; sm2, middle third submucosa; sm3, deep third submucosa.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Overall survival after esophagectomy by pN classification. Gray lines represent ±1 standard error. Tick marks indicate censored patients.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Overall survival after esophagectomy by depth of invasion. Tick marks indicate censored patients. Standard error is not indicated because of overlapping confusion.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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