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. 2014 Jan;2(1):38-43.

Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Mucormycosis in Patients with Leukemia; A 21-year Experience from Southern Iran

Amene S Sarvestani  1 , Gholamreza Pishdad  2 , Shahram Bolandparvaz  3
Affiliations

Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Mucormycosis in Patients with Leukemia; A 21-year Experience from Southern Iran

Amene S Sarvestani et al. Bull Emerg Trauma. 2014 Jan.

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the epidemiological aspect of mucormycosis, the nature of malignancies complicated by mucormycosis, the initial site of involvement and the subsequent outcome.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which was performed by reviewing the medical records of 95 patients with leukemia complicated with biopsy-proven mucormycosis admitted to the educational hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences over a 21-year period. We recorded demographic information including age and sex and disease characteristics such as type of leukemia, site of involvement, paraclinical findings at the time of admission and the outcome of the patients. The incidence of mucormycosis in leukemia was determined by identifying the number of leukemia patients diagnosed within the last 17 years.

Results: The male to female ratio was 2.39:1 in of 95 patients studied. The overall incidence rate of mucormycosis was 4.27 per 100 leukemic patients in last 17 years which showed a decreasing trend from 2001 to 2011. The most frequent type of leukemia was acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) which was found in 58 patients (61.5%). The most common site of initial tumor involvement was sinonasal (90.16%). The mortality rate was about 54%, compared to the mortality rate of about 43.24% in patients with best prognosis of AML.

Conclusion: The incidence of mucormycosis in leukemia showed a decreasing trend in our country and its recent incidence is comparable to that of other regions. The best preventive method against this lethal infection is to modify and control the environment which reduces the risk of exposure to air-born fungal spores.

Keywords: Iran; Leukemia; Mucormycosis.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The number of leukemia patients with mucormycosisadmitted toShirazUniversity hospitals from 1990 to 2011
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Annual incidence rates of mucormycosis in leukemic patients in southern Iranfrom1996 to 2011.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The number of mucormycoticleukemic patients admitted to Shiraz University hospitals based on the month of onset from1990 to 2011
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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