Long-Term Results of Third-Generation Ceramic-on-Ceramic Bearing Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty in Young Patients

Abstract

Background: The results of third-generation of alumina-on-alumina ceramic bearing in a large number of patient cohorts are limited. The purpose of this study was to determine clinical and radiologic outcome, prevalence of osteolysis detected with radiographs and computerized tomographic scan, and survivorship of a cementless total hip arthroplasty using a third-generation of alumina-on-alumina ceramic bearing in a large number of active patients aged younger than 65 years.

Methods: We reviewed the cases of 871 patients (1131 hips) who underwent a cementless total hip arthroplasty when they were aged 65 years or younger at the time of surgery. The most common diagnoses were osteonecrosis (53%) and osteoarthritis (20%). Harris hip score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and University of California, Los Angeles activity scores were recorded. Radiographic and computerized tomographic evaluations were used to evaluate implant fixation and osteolysis. The mean follow-up interval was 18.8 years (range, 15-20 years).

Results: At the time of final follow-up, the mean Harris hip score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score, and University of California, Los Angeles activity score were 90 points, 15 points, and 8 points, respectively. All the femoral stem and acetabular components were well-fixed at the time of final follow-up. No hip had aseptic loosening or osteolysis or fracture of ceramic material at the time of the final follow-up.

Conclusion: The current results with the use of the third-generation of alumina-on-alumina ceramic bearings in young patients suggest that cementless acetabular and femoral components provide outstanding long-term fixation and provide a high rate of survivorship without evidence of osteolysis.

Keywords: aseptic loosening; ceramic fracture; osteolysis; survivorship; third generation of ceramic-on-ceramic bearing; total hip arthroplasty.