[Diagnosis, clinical picture and therapy of acute radiation disease in victims of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power station. I. Conditions of irradiation, dose levels, bone marrow syndrome and its therapy]

Abstract

A follow-up of 115 patients with acute radiation disease resulting from external gamma-beta-radiation confirmed a high value of the previously proposed principles of predicting a degree of severity on the basis of the clinical manifestations of a primary reaction of disease and some syndromes using methods of hematological and cytogenetic analysis. Early isolation of patients with ARD of II-IV degree, selective intestinal decontamination, administration of antibiotics of a broad spectrum of action, antimycotic and antiviral drugs, and gamma-globulin can practically eliminate the risk of development of fatal infectious complications in medullary and transient types of radiation disease. The efficient use of thrombomass transfusion completely prevents development of the thrombocytopenic hemorrhagic syndrome. Experience in bone marrow transplantation requires a review of therapeutic indications.