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Review
. 2017 Jan-Feb;83(1):98-104.
doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2016.01.017. Epub 2016 Apr 28.

Obstructive sleep apnea and oral language disorders

Camila de Castro Corrêa  1 , Maria Gabriela Cavalheiro  2 , Luciana Paula Maximino  2 , Silke Anna Theresa Weber  3
Affiliations
Review

Obstructive sleep apnea and oral language disorders

Camila de Castro Corrêa et al. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Jan-Feb.

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Introduction: Children and adolescents with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may have consequences, such as daytime sleepiness and learning, memory, and attention disorders, that may interfere in oral language.

Objective: To verify, based on the literature, whether OSA in children was correlated to oral language disorders.

Methods: A literature review was carried out in the Lilacs, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using the descriptors "Child Language" AND "Obstructive Sleep Apnea". Articles that did not discuss the topic and included children with other comorbidities rather than OSA were excluded.

Results: In total, no articles were found at Lilacs, 37 at PubMed, 47 at Scopus, and 38 at Web of Science databases. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, six studies were selected, all published from 2004 to 2014. Four articles demonstrated an association between primary snoring/OSA and receptive language and four articles showed an association with expressive language. It is noteworthy that the articles used different tools and considered different levels of language.

Conclusion: The late diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea is associated with a delay in verbal skill acquisition. The professionals who work with children should be alert, as most of the phonetic sounds are acquired during ages 3-7 years, which is also the peak age for hypertrophy of the tonsils and childhood OSA.

Introdução: Crianças e adolescentes com Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (AOS) podem apresentar sonolência diurna, alterações de aprendizado, memória e atenção, que podem interferir na linguagem oral.

Objetivo: Verificar, com base na literatura, se a AOS apresenta correlação com alterações da linguagem oral.

Método: Foi realizada revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados Lilacs, Pubmed, Scopus e Web of Science, a partir das palavras-chaves “Linguagem Infantil” AND “Apneia do Sono Tipo Obstrutiva”. Os artigos que não se relacionavam ao tema foram excluídos, bem como estudos com crianças que apresentassem outras comorbidades, além da AOS.

Resultados: Foram localizados 0 artigos na base Lilacs, 37 na Pubmed, 47 na Scopus e 38 na Web of Science. A partir dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados seis estudos, publicados em 2004 a 2014. Dos artigos incluídos, observou-se em quatro artigos a relação do grupo com ronco primário/SAOS com a Linguagem Receptiva e em quatro artigos a relação dessa população com a Linguagem Expressiva. Ressalta-se que os artigos utilizaram instrumentos diferentes e consideraram níveis diversificados da Linguagem.

Conclusão: O diagnóstico e tratamento tardio de AOS resultam em alterações significantes na qualidade da aquisição verbal. Torna-se imprescindível a atenção dos profissionais que atuam com o a população infantil para este aspecto, uma vez que grande parte dos sons da fala são adquiridos entre 3–7 anos, que corresponde ao período de pico de ocorrência de hipertrofia adenoamigdaliana e AOS na infância.

Keywords: Apneia do sono tipo obstrutiva; Child language; Fonoaudiologia; Language disorders; Linguagem infantil; Obstructive sleep apnea; Speech, language and hearing sciences; Transtornos da linguagem.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Database description of the abstracts considered for the review, in numbers, also showing when they were found in more than one database.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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