Effects of Different Temperatures and Storage Time on the Degree of Conversion and Microhardness of Resin-based Composites

Abstract

Objective: Dental materials are often made at room temperature, whereas clinically they are made in the mouth. This study evaluated the effects of temperature on the degree of conversion (DC) and Knoop microhardness (KHN).

Materials and methods: Two types of resin-based composites (RBCs) were light-cured using a light-emitting diode (LED) light-curing unit. The resin specimens were centered on an Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) plate heated to 23°C or 33°C. The DC of the resin was calculated after 120 seconds, the specimens were removed, and the KHN was tested at the bottom of the specimens both immediately, after 24 hours, and after 7 days storage in distilled water in complete darkness at 37°C. The effects of different temperatures on the DC and KHN with their storage time were compared by analysis of variance and Fisher's protected least significant difference post hoc multiple comparison tests (p < 0.05).

Results: Increasing the temperature had a significant and positive effect on the DC and KHN for immediate values of the RBCs. Greater conversion and hardness occurred when the curing temperature was increased from 23°C to 33°C. The KHN increased significantly after 24 hours of storage. There was a linear relationship between DC and KHN (R(2) = 0.86) within the range of DC and KHN studied.

Conclusion: The physical properties of dental materials can be expected to be better when made in the mouth than when they are made in a laboratory at room temperature.

Keywords: Bulkfill RBC; Degree of conversion; KHN; Temperatures..