Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2016 Aug 12;19(8):pyw032.
doi: 10.1093/ijnp/pyw032. Print 2016 Aug.

Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Lactate and Glutathione Levels in Euthymic Bipolar I Disorder: 1H-MRS Study

Márcio Gerhardt Soeiro-de-Souza  1 , Bruno F Pastorello  2 , Cláudia da Costa Leite  2 , Anke Henning  2 , Ricardo A Moreno  2 , Maria Concepción Garcia Otaduy  2
Affiliations

Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Lactate and Glutathione Levels in Euthymic Bipolar I Disorder: 1H-MRS Study

Márcio Gerhardt Soeiro-de-Souza et al. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. .

Abstract

Objective: Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are 2 closely integrated processes implicated in the physiopathology of bipolar disorder. Advanced proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques enable the measurement of levels of lactate, the main marker of mitochondrial dysfunction, and glutathione, the predominant brain antioxidant. The objective of this study was to measure brain lactate and glutathione levels in bipolar disorder and healthy controls.

Methods: Eighty-eight individuals (50 bipolar disorder and 38 healthy controls) underwent 3T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (2x2x4.5cm(3)) using a 2-D JPRESS sequence. Lactate and glutathione were quantified using the ProFit software program.

Results: Bipolar disorder patients had higher dorsal anterior cingulate cortex lactate levels compared with controls. Glutathione levels did not differ between euthymic bipolar disorder and controls. There was a positive correlation between lactate and glutathione levels specific to bipolar disorder. No influence of medications on metabolites was observed.

Conclusion: This is the most extensive magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of lactate and glutathione in bipolar disorder to date, and results indicated that euthymic bipolar disorder patients had higher levels of lactate, which might be an indication of altered mitochondrial function. Moreover, lactate levels correlated with glutathione levels, indicating a compensatory mechanism regardless of bipolar disorder diagnosis.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01237158.

Keywords: bipolar disorder; glutathione; lactate; mitochondrial disease; oxidative stress.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) voxel location in the sagittal plane. Size 20 x 20 x 45mm3.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Mean dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) levels of lactate (Lac) in bipolar disorder (BD) type I compared with healthy controls (HC).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Correlation between dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) levels of lactate (Lac) and glutathione (GSH) adjusted for age and gender.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Abdalla DS, Monteiro HP, Oliveira JA, Bechara EJ. (1986) Activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in schizophrenic and manic-depressive patients. Clin Chem 32:805–807. - PubMed
    1. Andreazza AC, Cassini C, Rosa AR, Leite MC, de Almeida LMV, Nardin P, Cunha ABN, Ceresér KM, Santin A, Gottfried C, Salvador M, Kapczinski F, Gonçalves CA. (2007) Serum S100B and antioxidant enzymes in bipolar patients. J Psychiatr Res 41:523–529. - PubMed
    1. Andreazza AC, Kapczinski F, Kauer-Sant’Anna M, Walz JC, Bond DJ, Gonçalves CA, Young LT, Yatham LN. (2009) 3-Nitrotyrosine and glutathione antioxidant system in patients in the early and late stages of bipolar disorder. J Psychiatry Neurosci 34:263–271. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Andreazza AC, Shao L, Wang J-F, Young LT. (2010) Mitochondrial complex I activity and oxidative damage to mitochondrial proteins in the prefrontal cortex of patients with bipolar disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 67:360–368. - PubMed
    1. Andreazza AC, Wang J-F, Salmasi F, Shao L, Young LT. (2013) Specific subcellular changes in oxidative stress in prefrontal cortex from patients with bipolar disorder. J Neurochem 127:552–561. - PubMed

Publication types

Associated data