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. 2015 Oct 23;50(6):638-46.
doi: 10.1016/j.rboe.2015.09.006. eCollection 2015 Nov-Dec.

Length of preoperative hospital stay: a risk factor for reducing surgical infection in femoral fracture cases

Hoberdan Oliveira Pereira  1 , Edna Maria Rezende  1 , Bráulio Roberto Gonçalves Marinho Couto  2
Affiliations

Length of preoperative hospital stay: a risk factor for reducing surgical infection in femoral fracture cases

Hoberdan Oliveira Pereira et al. Rev Bras Ortop. .

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Objective: To analyze infections of the surgical site among patients undergoing clean-wound surgery for correction of femoral fractures.

Methods: This was a historical cohort study developed in a large-sized hospital in Belo Horizonte. Data covering the period from July 2007 to July 2009 were gathered from the records in electronic medical files, relating to the characteristics of the patients, surgical procedures and surgical infections. The risk factors for infection were identified by means of statistical tests on bilateral hypotheses, taking the significance level to be 5%. Continuous variables were evaluated using Student's t test. Categorical variables were evaluated using the chi-square test, or Fisher's exact test, when necessary. For each factor under analysis, a point estimate and the 95% confidence interval for the relative risk were obtained. In the final stage of the study, multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.

Results: 432 patients who underwent clean-wound surgery for correcting femoral fractures were included in this study. The rate of incidence of surgical site infections was 4.9% and the risk factors identified were the presence of stroke (odds ratio, OR = 5.0) and length of preoperative hospital stay greater than four days (OR = 3.3).

Conclusion: To prevent surgical site infections in operations for treating femoral fractures, measures involving assessment of patients' clinical conditions by a multiprofessional team, reduction of the length of preoperative hospital stay and prevention of complications resulting from infections will be necessary.

Objetivo: Analisar as infecções de sítio cirúrgico em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias limpas para correção de fraturas de fêmur.

Métodos: Estudo tipo coorte histórica desenvolvido em um hospital de grande porte de Belo Horizonte. A coleta dos dados foi feita nos registros dos prontuários eletrônicos, de julho de 2007 a julho de 2009. Foram coletados dados referentes às características dos pacientes, dos procedimentos cirúrgicos e das infecções cirúrgicas. Os fatores de risco para infecção foram identificados por meio de testes estatísticos de hipóteses bilaterais, considerando nível de significância de 5%. As variáveis contínuas foram avaliadas por teste t de Student. As variáveis categóricas foram analisadas por meio de teste de qui-quadrado ou exato de Fisher, quando necessário. Para cada fator sob análise, foi obtida uma estimativa pontual e por intervalos de confiança de 95% para o risco relativo. Na última etapa do trabalho, foi feita uma análise multivariada (regressão logística).

Resultados: Foram incluídos neste estudo 432 pacientes submetidos a cirurgias limpas de correção de fratura de fêmur. A taxa de incidência de ISC foi de 4,9% e os fatores de risco identificados foram a presença de acidente vascular cerebral (razão das chances – OR = 5) e período de internação até a cirurgia acima de quatro dias (OR = 3,3).

Conclusão: Para a prevenção das infecções de sítio cirúrgico (ISC) das cirurgias de fraturas de fêmur serão necessárias medidas que envolvam a equipe multiprofissional na avaliação das condições clínicas dos pacientes, redução do tempo de internação até a cirurgia e prevenção das complicações decorrentes das infecções.

Keywords: Femoral fractures; Infection of the operative wound; Risk factors.

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