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Review
. 2016 Feb 18;18(1):10.4088/PCC.15f01900.
doi: 10.4088/PCC.15f01900. eCollection 2016.

Obstacles to the Prescription and Use of Opioids

Rachel S Wallwork, Fallon E Chipidza, Theodore A Stern
Review

Obstacles to the Prescription and Use of Opioids

Rachel S Wallwork et al. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. .
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The World Health Organization Pain Relief Laddera aAdapted with permission from the World Health Organization.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. Fields HL. The doctor’s dilemma: opiate analgesics and chronic pain. Neuron. 2011;69(4):591–594. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Koob GF, Le Moal M. Neurobiology of Addiction. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier; 2006. pp. 121–171.
    1. De Vries TJ, Shippenberg TS. Neural systems underlying opiate addiction. J Neurosci. 2002;22(9):3321–3325. - PMC - PubMed

Substances