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. 2016 Sep;97(9):2201-2209.
doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.000517. Epub 2016 Jun 2.

The B-cell response to foot-and-mouth-disease virus in cattle following vaccination and live-virus challenge

Clare F J Grant  1 , B Veronica Carr  1 , Nagendrakumar B Singanallur  2 , Jacqueline Morris  2 , Simon Gubbins  1 , Pascal Hudelet  3 , Martin Ilott  4 , Catherine Charreyre  3 , Wilna Vosloo  2 , Bryan Charleston  1
Affiliations

The B-cell response to foot-and-mouth-disease virus in cattle following vaccination and live-virus challenge

Clare F J Grant et al. J Gen Virol. 2016 Sep.

Abstract

Antibodies play a pivotal role against viral infection, and maintenance of protection is dependent on plasma and memory B-cells. Understanding antigen-specific B-cell responses in cattle is essential to inform future vaccine design. We have previously defined T-cell-dependent and -independent B-cell responses in cattle, as a prelude to investigating foot-and-mouth-disease-virus (FMDV)-specific B-cell responses. In this study, we have used an FMDV O-serotype vaccination (O1-Manisa or O SKR) and live-virus challenge (FMDV O SKR) to investigate the homologous and heterologous B-cell response in cattle following both vaccination and live-virus challenge. The FMDV O-serotype vaccines were able to induce a cross-reactive plasma-cell response, specific for both O1-Manisa and O SKR, post-vaccination. Post-FMDV O SKR live-virus challenge, the heterologous O1-Manisa vaccination provided cross-protection against O SKR challenge and cross-reactive O SKR-specific plasma cells were induced. However, vaccination and live-virus challenge were not able to induce a detectable FMDV O-serotype-specific memory B-cell response in any of the cattle. The aim of new FMDV vaccines should be to induce memory responses and increased duration of immunity in cattle.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Kinetics of the FMDV-O-serotype-specific plasma-cell response in cattle post-vaccination and live-virus challenge. Kinetics of the O-serotype FMDV-specific plasma-cell response post-vaccination and intradermolingual live-FMDV-O-SKR-virus challenge (indicated by vertical dotted line). (a) FMDV O1-Manisa-vaccinated animals (O1M group, black symbols, n=5), (b) FMDV O-SKR-vaccinated animals (OSKR group, open symbols, n=5) and (c) non-vaccinated controls (NVC group, grey symbols, n=3). On all of the graphs, the FMDV O1-Manisa-specific ASCs are shown as circle symbols and FMDV-O-SKR-specific ASCs shown as square symbols. Results are expressed as the grouped mean of duplicate determinations from each calf±sd. Statistically significant time points, as compared with 0 dpc (P<0.05) are indicated with a * symbol.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Kinetics of the FMDV O-serotype-specific liquid-phase-blocking antibody response in cattle post-vaccination and live-virus challenge. Kinetics of the (a) FMDV O-SKR-specific and (b) FMDV O1-Manisa-specific liquid-phase-blocking antibody titres post-vaccination and FMDV O-SKR live-virus challenge in the FMDV O1-Manisa vaccinated cohort (black symbols), the FMDV-O-SKR-vaccinated cohort (open symbols) and the non-vaccinated controls (grey symbols). Results are expressed as the log10 transformed grouped mean of duplicate determinations from each calf±sd Statistically significant time points, as compared with 0 dpc (P≤0.05), indicated by * symbol (FMDV O1-Manisa vaccinated cohort = black, FMDV O-SKR vaccinated cohort = blue).
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Kinetics of the FMDV-O-serotype-specific virus-neutralizing antibody response in cattle post-vaccination and live-virus challenge. Kinetics of the O-serotype (a) FMDV O-SKR-specific and (b) FMDV O1-Manisa-specific virus neutralization (VN) titre post-vaccination and FMDV-O-SKR live-virus challenge in the FMDV O1-Manisa-vaccinated cohort (black symbols), the FMDV O-SKR-vaccinated cohort (open symbols) and the non-vaccinated controls (grey symbols). Results are expressed as the log10 transformed grouped mean of duplicate determinations from each calf±sd. Statistically significant time points, as compared with 0 dpc (P≤0.05), indicated by * symbol, (FMDV O1-Manisa vaccinated cohort = black, FMDV O-SKR-vaccinated cohort = blue).
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