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. 2016 Jun 22;17(6):986.
doi: 10.3390/ijms17060986.

Characteristics and Antitumor Activity of Morchella esculenta Polysaccharide Extracted by Pulsed Electric Field

Chao Liu  1   2 , Yonghai Sun  3 , Qian Mao  4 , Xiaolei Guo  5 , Peng Li  6 , Yang Liu  7 , Na Xu  8
Affiliations

Characteristics and Antitumor Activity of Morchella esculenta Polysaccharide Extracted by Pulsed Electric Field

Chao Liu et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Polysaccharides from Morchella esculenta have been proven to be functional and helpful for humans. The purpose of this study was to investigate the chemical structure and anti-proliferating and antitumor activities of a Morchella esculenta polysaccharide (MEP) extracted by pulsed electric field (PEF) in submerged fermentation. The endo-polysaccharide was separated and purified by column chromatography and Gel permeation chromatography, and analyzed by gas chromatography. The MEP with an average molecular weight of 81,835 Da consisted of xylose, glucose, mannose, rhamnose and galactose at the ratio of 5.4:5.0:6.5:7.8:72.3. Structure of MEP was further analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and ¹H and (13)C liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Apoptosis tests proved that MEP could inhibit the proliferation and growth of human colon cancer HT-29 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner within 48 h. This study provides more information on chemical structure of anti-proliferating polysaccharides isolated from Morchella esculenta.

Keywords: Morchella esculenta; anti-proliferating activity; chemical structure; polysaccharide; pulsed electric field.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The effects of electric field intensity (X1), pulse number (X2) and material-to-liquid ratio (X3) on M. esculenta polysaccharide (MEP) yield of 3D response surface curves (a,c,e) and contours (b,d,f).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Purification of crude MEP by column chromatography.
Figure 3
Figure 3
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) spectra of: F2 (a); and purified M2 (b).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum of M2.
Figure 5
Figure 5
1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (a) and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (b) spectra of M2.
Figure 6
Figure 6
The antitumor activity of M2 on HT-29 cells after different incubation periods and at different concentrations in 3-(4,5-cimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.
Figure 7
Figure 7
M2-induced apoptosis in HT-29 cells: (a) natural apoptosis of HT-29 cells without M2 (Blank) at 48 h on flow cytometry; (c,d) apoptosis of M2-treated cells at 24 and 48 h, respectively, on flow cytometry; and (b) bar graph summarizes the percentage of apoptosis. Data are expressed as mean ± SD of six replicate. **: p < 0.01.
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