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Review
. 2016 Jun 7;8(6):347.
doi: 10.3390/nu8060347.

The Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and Osteoporosis: A Review

Sok Kuan Wong  1 , Kok-Yong Chin  2 , Farihah Hj Suhaimi  3 , Fairus Ahmad  4 , Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana  5
Affiliations
Review

The Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and Osteoporosis: A Review

Sok Kuan Wong et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and osteoporosis are two major healthcare problems worldwide. Metabolic syndrome is a constellation of medical conditions consisting of central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, in which each acts on bone tissue in different ways. The growing prevalence of MetS and osteoporosis in the population along with the controversial findings on the relationship between both conditions suggest the importance for further investigation and discussion on this topic. This review aims to assess the available evidence on the effects of each component of MetS on bone metabolism from the conventional to the contemporary. Previous studies suggested that the two conditions shared some common underlying pathways, which include regulation of calcium homeostasis, receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)/receptor activator of the NF-κB (RANK)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) and Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathways. In conclusion, we suggest that MetS may have a potential role in developing osteoporosis and more studies are necessary to further prove this hypothesis.

Keywords: bone; dyslipidaemia; hyperglycaemia; hypertension; obesity; osteoporosis.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mechanism of bone loss attributed to increased inflammatory response.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mechanism of the development of osteoporosis due to disorders of calcium metabolism.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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