Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2016 Oct;30(3):285-94.
doi: 10.1007/s12640-016-9641-5. Epub 2016 Jun 24.

Kynurenines, Gender and Neuroinflammation; Showcase Schizophrenia

J de Bie  1 , C K Lim  1 , G J Guillemin  2
Affiliations
Review

Kynurenines, Gender and Neuroinflammation; Showcase Schizophrenia

J de Bie et al. Neurotox Res. 2016 Oct.

Abstract

Schizophrenia has a clear sexual dimorphism in age of onset and progression. The underlying mechanisms of this dimorphism are not known, but may be found in the interactions of sex hormones with the tryptophan catabolising kynurenine pathway. Schizophrenia is associated with general inflammation and disruption of glutamatergic and dopaminergic signalling. Metabolites of the kynurenine pathway have been shown to be immunomodulatory and have effects on glutamatergic and dopaminergic signalling. This review discusses the currently available literature on sex hormones and their effect on the kynurenine pathway in the context of the glutamatergic, dopaminergic and immunological features of schizophrenia.

Keywords: Gender; Inflammation; Kynurenine pathway; Schizophrenia; Tryptophan.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. J Neurochem. 2001 Aug;78(4):842-53 - PubMed
    1. Endocrinology. 2004 Nov;145(11):5021-32 - PubMed
    1. Brain Behav Immun. 2011 Nov;25(8):1576-81 - PubMed
    1. J Neurosci. 2001 Oct 1;21(19):7463-73 - PubMed
    1. J Immunol. 2007 Oct 15;179(8):5246-54 - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources