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Comparative Study
. 2016 Sep:176:121-127.e1.
doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.05.037. Epub 2016 Jun 22.

Sex Differences in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Hispanic/Latino Youth

Carmen R Isasi  1 , Christina M Parrinello  2 , Guadalupe X Ayala  3 , Alan M Delamater  4 , Krista M Perreira  5 , Martha L Daviglus  6 , John P Elder  7 , Ashley N Marchante  8 , Shrikant I Bangdiwala  9 , Linda Van Horn  10 , Mercedes R Carnethon  10
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Sex Differences in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Hispanic/Latino Youth

Carmen R Isasi et al. J Pediatr. 2016 Sep.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of obesity and cardiometabolic risk in US Hispanic/Latino youth and examine whether there are disparities by sex in cardiometabolic risk factors.

Study design: Study of Latino Youth is a population-based cross-sectional study of 1466 Hispanic/Latino youth (8-16 years old) who were recruited from 4 urban US communities (Bronx, NY, Chicago, IL, Miami, FL, and San Diego, CA) in 2012-2014. The majority of children were US-born (78%) and from low-income and immigrant families. Cardiometabolic risk factors were defined by the use of national age- and sex-specific guidelines.

Results: The prevalence of obesity was 26.5%. The prevalence of class II-III obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia was high (9.7%, 16.5%, and 23.3%, respectively). The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors increased with severity of obesity in both boys and girls. Boys had a greater prevalence of diabetes and of elevated blood pressure than girls (20.9% vs 11.8% and 8.5% vs 3.3%). In multivariable analyses, younger boys were more likely to have obesity class II-III than girls (OR 3.59; 95% CI 1.44-8.97). Boys were more likely to have prediabetes than girls (OR 2.02; 95% CI 1.35-3.02), and the association was stronger at older ages.

Conclusions: The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors was high in this sample of Hispanic youth. Boys had a more adverse cardiometabolic profile compared with girls that may put them at higher risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease later in life. Reasons for this disparity and the long-term clinical implications remain to be elucidated.

Keywords: CVD risk factors; Hispanic children; cardiometabolic risk factors; obesity; prediabetes.

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Figures

Figure
Figure
Cardiometabolic risk by weight category in the Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth). A, A, All, B, boys only, C, girls only.
Figure
Figure
Cardiometabolic risk by weight category in the Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth). A, A, All, B, boys only, C, girls only.
Figure
Figure
Cardiometabolic risk by weight category in the Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth). A, A, All, B, boys only, C, girls only.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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