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Clinical Trial
. 2016 Jun 29;14(1):174.
doi: 10.1186/s12957-016-0921-6.

Prostate-specific antigen density values among patients with symptomatic prostatic enlargement in Nigeria

Emeka I Udeh  1   2 , Ikenna I Nnabugwu  3 , Francis O Ozoemena  3 , Fred O Ugwumba  3 , Adesina S O Aderibigbe  4 , Samuel R Ohayi  5 , Kevin N Echetabu  6
Affiliations
Clinical Trial

Prostate-specific antigen density values among patients with symptomatic prostatic enlargement in Nigeria

Emeka I Udeh et al. World J Surg Oncol. .

Abstract

Background: This study aims to estimate the prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) cutoff level for detecting prostate cancer (CAP) in Nigerian men with "grey zone PSA" (4-10 ng/ml) and normal digital rectal examination findings. We addressed this research question: Is the international PSAD cutoff of 0.15 ideal for detecting CAP in our symptomatic patients with "grey zone PSA?"

Aim: To estimate the prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) cutoff level for detecting CAP in Nigerian men with "grey zone PSA" (4-10 ng/ml) and normal digital rectal examination findings.

Design: Prospective.

Setting: A tertiary medical center in Enugu, Nigeria.

Participants: Two hundred and fifty-four men with either benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or CAP were recruited.

Intervention: Patients with PSA above 4 ng/ml or abnormal digital rectal examination or hypoechoic lesion in the prostate were biopsied.

Outcome measures: PSAD and histology report of BPH or CAP.

Results: Ninety-seven patients had CAP while 157 had benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Seventy-two patients had their serum PSA value within the range of 4.0 and 10 ng/ml. PSAD cutoff level to detect CAP was 0.04 (sensitivity 95.88 %; specificity 28.7 %).

Conclusions: The PSAD cutoff level generated for Nigerian men in this study is 0.04 which is relatively different from international consensus. This PSAD cutoff level has a positive correlation with histology and could detect patients with CAP who have "grey zone PSA."

Keywords: Nigerian men; Prostate-specific antigen density; Symptomatic prostatic enlargement.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Age distribution of patients in the study
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Variations in PSAD between patients with BPH and patients with CAP
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve depicting diagnostic accuracy of PSA density
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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