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. 2016 Dec;19(18):3306-3318.
doi: 10.1017/S1368980016001695. Epub 2016 Jun 30.

Monetary value of self-reported diets and associations with sociodemographic characteristics and dietary intake among Japanese adults: analysis of nationally representative surveys

Hitomi Okubo  1 , Kentaro Murakami  2 , Satoshi Sasaki  3
Affiliations

Monetary value of self-reported diets and associations with sociodemographic characteristics and dietary intake among Japanese adults: analysis of nationally representative surveys

Hitomi Okubo et al. Public Health Nutr. 2016 Dec.

Abstract

Objective: To examine the relationships of monetary value of diets with sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics and dietary intake among Japanese adults.

Design: Cross-sectional study based on two nationally representative surveys: the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions and the National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2013. Dietary intake was assessed by a 1 d semi-weighed household dietary record with information on individual proportion of intakes. Diet cost was estimated by linking dietary data with retail food prices. A wide variety of sociodemographic and lifestyle variables were obtained from the two surveys.

Setting: A random sample of nationally representative households in Japan.

Subjects: Japanese adults aged 20 years or older (n 4658).

Results: Lower energy-adjusted diet cost (Japanese yen/4184 kJ) was significantly associated with being younger, having a lower education, less equivalent monthly household expenditure, large household size, less physical activity and living in rented houses. Lower diet cost was associated with a lower intake of pulses, vegetables, fruits, fish, meat and dairy products, and a higher intake of grain, eggs, and fats and oils. At the nutrient level, lower diet cost was associated with a lower intake of protein, alcohol, dietary fibre, cholesterol and all vitamins and minerals examined, and a higher intake of carbohydrate. Diet cost was inversely associated with dietary energy density.

Conclusion: These data suggest that certain low socio-economic subgroups in Japan consume diets of lower monetary value, resulting in a lower quality of food and nutrient intake pattern except for lower sodium, cholesterol and alcohol consumption.

Keywords: Food intake; Japanese adults; Monetary cost; Nutrient intake; Socio-economic status.

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Procedure for selecting subjects for the current analysis
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