Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2016 Sep;22(9):1685-7.
doi: 10.3201/eid2209.160664. Epub 2016 Sep 15.

Inactivation and Environmental Stability of Zika Virus

Janis A Müller, Mirja Harms, Axel Schubert, Stephanie Jansen, Detlef Michel, Thomas Mertens, Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit, Jan Münch

Inactivation and Environmental Stability of Zika Virus

Janis A Müller et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016 Sep.
No abstract available

Keywords: Flavivirus; Zika virus; inactivation; vector-borne infections; viruses.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure
Figure
Inactivation and environmental stability of Zika virus. Asterisks (*) indicate lack of infection. A) Virus stocks containing 2.5%, 10%, 40%, or 90% fetal calf serum were incubated with alcohol-based disinfectants for 1 min. All disinfectants inactivated the virus. B) Virus stocks containing indicated concentrations of fetal calf serum were exposed to the ultraviolet (UV) light of a laminar flow hood. Higher concentrations of serum required more time to inactivate the virus. C) Virus stock was dried for 18 h and was then reconstituted in medium or the indicated disinfectants for 5 min or exposed to 10 min UV light before reconstitution. All disinfectants inactivated the virus. D) Virus was dried and incubated for indicated periods of time. Thereafter, dried virus was reconstituted in medium or 70% (vol/vol) isopropanol. Isopropanol inactivated the virus, but dried virus in medium remained infectious even after 84 h of incubation. E) Zika virus was incubated for 5 min at indicated temperatures. Temperatures >60°C inactivated the virus. F) Stocks were adjusted to indicated pH values and incubated for 10 min. pH levels <4 or >11 deactivated the virus. G) Finger tips of laboratory gloves were cut off, with or without introducing a hole by pinching with a needle, and put into medium. Glove tips were filled with virus stock and incubated for 90 min at room temperature. All gloves without needle holes were protective against transmission; 2 of 3 gloves with needle holes allowed virus transmission. For detailed experimental description, see Technical Appendix. DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; E, ethanol; G, glutaraldehyde; H, hypochlorite; I, incidin, IP, isopropanol; M, medium, M+, medium plus 10 min UV; ND, not dried; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; PF, paraformaldehyde; TCID50, 50% tissue culture infective dose; UV, ultraviolet.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Dick GWA, Kitchen SF, Haddow AJ. Zika virus. I. Isolations and serological specificity. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1952;46:509–20. 10.1016/0035-9203(52)90042-4 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Zammarchi L, Tappe D, Fortuna C, Remoli ME, Günther S, Venturi G, et al. Zika virus infection in a traveller returning to Europe from Brazil, March 2015. Euro Surveill. 2015;20:21153. 10.2807/1560-7917.ES2015.20.23.21153 - DOI - PubMed
    1. D’Ortenzio E, Matheron S, Yazdanpanah Y, de Lamballerie X, Hubert B, Piorkowski G, et al. Evidence of sexual transmission of Zika virus. N Engl J Med. 2016;374:2195–8. 10.1056/NEJMc1604449 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Ginier M, Neumayr A, Günther S, et al. Zika without symptoms in returning travellers: what are the implications? Travel Med Infect Dis. 2016;14:16–20. 10.1016/j.tmaid.2016.01.012 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Driggers RW, Ho C-Y, Korhonen EM. Kuivanen S1, Jääskeläinen AJ1, Smura T, et al. Zika virus infection with prolonged maternal viremia and fetal brain abnormalities. N Engl J Med. 2016;374:2142–51. 10.1056/NEJMoa1601824 - DOI - PubMed