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. 2016 Jun 28;21(7):850.
doi: 10.3390/molecules21070850.

Quality Evaluation of Scrophulariae Radix Processed by Different 'Sweating' Methods Based on Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Bioactive Constituents Combined with Grey Relational Analysis

Shengnan Wang  1 , Yujiao Hua  2 , Li Xu  3 , Lisi Zou  4 , Xunhong Liu  5 , Yiyuan Luo  6 , Juanxiu Liu  7 , Ying Yan  8
Affiliations

Quality Evaluation of Scrophulariae Radix Processed by Different 'Sweating' Methods Based on Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Bioactive Constituents Combined with Grey Relational Analysis

Shengnan Wang et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Scrophulariae Radix is one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), which needs to be processed by 'sweating' methods. Primary processing of Scrophulariae Radix is an important link which closely relates to the quality of products in this TCM. To facilitate selection of the suitable 'sweating' processing method for Scrophulariae Radix, in this study the quality of Scrophulariae Radix processed by different 'sweating' methods was evaluated based on simultaneous determination of multiple bioactive constituents combined with grey relational analysis. The contents of iridoid glycosides, phenylpropanoid glycosides, and organic acids in Scrophulariae Radix processed by different 'sweating' methods were simultaneously determined using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS). Furthermore, grey relational analysis (GRA) was performed to evaluate the 'sweating' processed samples according to the contents of twelve constituents. All of the results demonstrated that the quality of Scrophulariae Radix processed by oven drying at 35 °C and 'sweating' for three days was better. The developed method was useful for the overall assessment on quality of Scrophulariae Radix, and this study may provide the foundation and support for 'sweating' processing of Scrophulariae Radix in normalization and standardization.

Keywords: Scrophulariae Radix; UPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS; grey relational analysis; simultaneous determination; ‘sweating’.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Total ion chromatograms (TIC) (A); and multi-reaction monitoring (MRM) (B), of the 12 analytes.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Chemical structures of the twelve compounds analyzed in the study (A); and mass spectrums of the twelve compounds in negative mode (B).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Chemical structures of the twelve compounds analyzed in the study (A); and mass spectrums of the twelve compounds in negative mode (B).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Chemical structures of the twelve compounds analyzed in the study (A); and mass spectrums of the twelve compounds in negative mode (B).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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