Pharmacological aspects of the safety of gliflozins

Abstract

Sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, also known as gliflozins, are a new class of orally active drugs used in the management of type 2 diabetes. By inhibiting the SGLT responsible for the reabsorption of glucose from the kidney, their use aims primarily to induce glycosuria and, as a consequence, lower glycemic levels. However, their specific mechanism of action involves other pharmacodynamic consequences including potentially harmful adverse reactions. This manuscript reviews the physiological and pharmacological background behind inhibition of SGLTs, and discusses the pharmacological aspects of the safety of gliflozins.

Keywords: Adverse reactions; Canagliflozin (PubChem CID: 24812758); Dapagliflozin (PubChem CID: 9887712); Drug safety; Empagliflozin (PubChem CID: 11949646); Ipragliflozin (PubChem CID: 10453870); Phlorizin(PubChem CID: 6072); SGLT2 inhibitors; Sodium-glucose transporters; Tofogliflozin (PubChem CID: 46908929); Type 2 diabetes.