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. 2016 Jul 12:16:99.
doi: 10.1186/s12883-016-0628-x.

Case control study: magnetic resonance spectroscopy of brain in HIV infected patients

Devender Bairwa  1 , Virendra Kumar  2 , Surabhi Vyas  3 , Bimal Kumar Das  4 , Achal Kumar Srivastava  5 , Ravinder M Pandey  6 , Surendra K Sharma  1 , Naranamangalam R Jagannathan  2 , Sanjeev Sinha  7
Affiliations

Case control study: magnetic resonance spectroscopy of brain in HIV infected patients

Devender Bairwa et al. BMC Neurol. .

Abstract

Background: In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) studies on brain in HIV infected patients have shown significant alteration in neuro-biochemicals.

Methods: In this study, we measured the neuro-biochemical metabolites from the left frontal white matter (FWM) and left basal ganglia (BG) caudate head nucleus in 71 subjects that include 30 healthy controls, 20 asymptomatic HIV and 21 HIV patients with CNS lesion. Proton MR spectra were acquired at 3 T MRI system and the concentration (institutional units) of tNAA (N-acetylaspartate, NAA + N-acetylaspartylglutamate, NAAG), tCr (Creatine, Cr + phosphocreatine, PCr), choline containing compounds (tCho), glutamate + glutamine (Glx) and lipid and macromolecules at 0.9 ppm were determined using LC Model.

Results: In BG, the concentration of tNAA (6.71 ± 0.64) was decreased and in FWM, the concentration of Glx (20.4 ± 7.8), tCr (9.14 ± 3.04) and lipid and macromolecules at 0.9 ppm (8.69 ± 2.96) were increased in HIV patients with CNS lesion. In healthy controls, the concentration of tNAA in BG was 7.31 ± 0.47 and concentration of Glx, tCr and lipid and macromolecules in FWM were 15.0 ± 6.06, 6.95 ± 2.56, 5.59 ± 1.56, respectively.

Conclusion: Reduced tNAA in BG suggests neuronal loss in HIV patients with CNS lesion while increased Glx in FWM may suggest excito-toxicity. In addition, increased levels of tCr in FWM of HIV patients were observed. The study indicates region specific metabolic changes in tNAA, tCr and Glx in brain of HIV infected patients.

Keywords: AIDS; Glutamate; HIV; MRS; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
In vivo 1H MRS spectrum from a left frontal white matter and b left basal ganglia of a healthy control, c tuberculoma in an HIV patient and d white matter lesion from an HIV patient with Progressive Multifocal Leucoencephalopathy. Abbreviations: NAA, N-acetylaspartate; Cho, choline; Cr, creatine;Lac, Lactate; Glx, Glutamate + Glutamine
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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