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Comparative Study
. 2016:2016:4086870.
doi: 10.1155/2016/4086870. Epub 2016 May 30.

Bone Regeneration in Iliac Crestal Defects: An Experimental Study on Sheep

Antonio Scarano  1 , Felice Lorusso  2 , Lorenzo Ravera  2 , Carmen Mortellaro  3 , Adriano Piattelli  2
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Bone Regeneration in Iliac Crestal Defects: An Experimental Study on Sheep

Antonio Scarano et al. Biomed Res Int. 2016.

Abstract

Background. Oral rehabilitation of partially fully edentulous patients with dental implants has become a routine procedure in clinical practice. In a site with a lack of bone GBR is a surgical procedure that provides an augmentation in terms of volume for the insertion of dental implants. Materials and Methods. In the iliac crest of six sheep 4 defects were created where an implant was inserted, three of them with different biomaterials and a control site. All animals were sacrificed after a 4-month healing period. All specimens were processed and analyzed with histomorphometry. Statistical evaluation was done to evaluate percentage of bone defect filled by new bone. Results. All experimental groups showed an increase of the new bone. Higher and highly statistically significant differences were found in the percentages of bone defect filled by new bone in group filled with corticocancellous 250-1000 microns particulate porcine bone mix. Conclusions. This study demonstrates that particulate porcine bone mix and porcine corticocancellous collagenate prehydrated bone mix when used as scaffold are able to induce bone regeneration. Moreover, these data suggest that these biomaterials have higher biocompatibility and are capable of inducing faster and greater bone formation.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) Placement of dental implants into surgically created defects. Dental implants were installed after implant osteotomy and surgical induction of standardized circumferential defect, with the size of 7 mm width and 4 mm depth. (b) All of the surgically created defects were covered with collagen barrier membranes.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Control sites of gap defects without any grafting. The defects were only partially filled by newly formed trabecular bone. Acid fuchsin and toluidine blue 5x. (b) In the portions where the defect was not filled by newly formed bone, no contact with the implant surface was observed. Acid fuchsin and toluidine blue 50x.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Bone regeneration around a dental implant in the empty defect group with corticocancellous 250–1000 microns particulate porcine bone mix. Acid fuchsin and toluidine blue 5x. (b) Newly formed bone is present in the coronal portion of the implant. Acid fuchsin and toluidine blue 50x.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a) Newly formed trabecular bone is present, with wide marrow spaces. Acid fuchsin and toluidine blue 5x. (b) The cancellous equine bone blocks are completely surrounded by the newly formed bone. Acid fuchsin and toluidine blue 50x.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(a) The defect is only partially filled by the newly formed bone with wide marrow spaces. Acid fuchsin and toluidine blue 5x. (b) A small quantity of residual biomaterial particles is present. Acid fuchsin and toluidine blue 50x.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Mean percentage of soft tissues representing, newly formed bone, the residual biomaterial particles represented, and marrow spaces.
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