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. 2016 Oct;39(5):845-54.
doi: 10.1007/s10865-016-9754-6. Epub 2016 Jul 14.

Multiplex crack smoking and sexual networks: associations between network members' incarceration and HIV risks among high-risk MSM

Kayo Fujimoto  1 , Ju Yeong Kim  2 , Michael W Ross  3 , Mark L Williams  4
Affiliations

Multiplex crack smoking and sexual networks: associations between network members' incarceration and HIV risks among high-risk MSM

Kayo Fujimoto et al. J Behav Med. 2016 Oct.

Abstract

This study examined HIV risks in the multiplex crack-smoking and sexual networks of incarcerated drug-using men who have sex with men (MSM) and their associates. We estimated the associations between the network members' incarceration, self-reported HIV infection, and trading sex for money. Our analytic sample consisted of 508 crack-smoking or sexual partnerships of 273 high-risk MSM. Network members were specified by (1) crack smoking and sexual behavior or (2) crack smoking only. Longer incarceration of the crack-smoking and sexual network members was associated with self-reported HIV infection (AOR = 1.61, p < 0.05), which extended up to one's partners' partners' partners (AOR = 1.63, p < 0.05). Similar results were found for trading sex (AOR = 2.77, p < 0.05). The findings of the study call for the development of a system-level HIV intervention among former incarcerated MSM and their associates.

Keywords: Criminal justice involvement; HIV STI/infection; HIV transmission networks; Men who have sex with men; Network proximity; Social network analysis; Three degrees of influence.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Risk networks composed of crack-smoking and sexual relationships among high-risk MSM. (A) Risk network connected through crack-or-sexual relationships (B) Risk network connected through combined crack-and-sexual relationships (C) Risk network connected through crack-only relationship
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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