Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery thymectomy versus open thymectomy in patients with myasthenia gravis: a meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) thymectomy has become a feasible treatment for myasthenia gravis (MG) in recent years. The objective of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the perioperative characteristics, safety, and completely stable remission rate in patients with MG who received VATS or open thymectomy (OT).

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and CNKI for related articles using combinations of the search terms video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy, transsternal thymectomy, and MG. The inter-study heterogeneity was assessed by χ²-based Q statistics, and the extent of inconsistency was generated by I² statistics.

Results: A total of 12 studies with 1173 patients were included, and there was no difference in the operation time (p = 0.08) and ICU time (p = 0.14) between the two groups, but VATS thymectomy was associated with less intra-operation blood loss and hospital time (p < 0.00001). VATS was also associated with lower rates of total complication (OR =0.59; 95% CI, 0.37-0.94; p = 0.03) and myasthenic crisis (OR = 0.51; 95% CI, 0.28-0.92; p = 0.03), but the rates of pneumonia (OR = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.29-1.32; p = 0.21) and complete remission rate (CSR) (OR = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.38-1.09; p = 0.10) had no obvious differences between the VATS and OT groups.

Conclusion: Patients with MG undergoing VATS thymectomy achieved better surgical outcomes and fewer complications than those who received OT.

Keywords: Meta-analysis; myasthenia gravis; thymectomy; video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.