Impact of health problems secondary to SCI one and five years after first inpatient rehabilitation

Abstract

Study design: This is a multicenter prospective cohort study.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to describe and compare the impact of health problems secondary to spinal cord injury (SCI) on functioning at home and on social activities at 1 and 5 years after discharge from first inpatient rehabilitation.

Setting: The study was conducted in a Dutch community.

Methods: Participants with SCI who use a wheelchair for everyday mobility (N=110) completed a self-report questionnaire as part of a larger cohort study including four items on extra time needed (body care, bladder and bowel regulation, 'organization' and transportation) and impact of 10 health problems on functioning at home and on social activities. The 10 health problems include secondary health conditions (bladder regulation, bowel regulation, decubitus, pain, spasticity, gain in body weight and edema), psychosocial problems (sexuality, having difficulty with being dependent on help from others) and handicap management.

Results: Median extra time needed for self-management and transportation was not significantly higher 1 year after discharge (16 (IQR 13.5) h per week) compared with 5 years after discharge (13 (IQR 17) h per week) (P=0.925). Participants reported slightly less impact, comparing the severity sum-score (range 10-50) of the 10 health problems on functioning at home and in social activities, 5 years post discharge (20 and 17, respectively) than 1 year post discharge (21 and 18, respectively; P<0.05). Most frequently mentioned health problems were handicap management, being dependent on help from others, bladder regulation, bowel regulation, pain and sexuality.

Conclusions: The impact of health problems after SCI is considerable and hardly diminishes over time. These results emphasize the need for structured long-term care for people with SCI.