Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2016 Jun 20;7(7):2692-702.
doi: 10.1364/BOE.7.002692. eCollection 2016 Jul 1.

Frequency domain photoacoustic and fluorescence microscopy

Gregor Langer  1 , Bianca Buchegger  2 , Jaroslaw Jacak  3 , Thomas A Klar  2 , Thomas Berer  1
Affiliations

Frequency domain photoacoustic and fluorescence microscopy

Gregor Langer et al. Biomed Opt Express. .

Abstract

We report on simultaneous frequency domain optical-resolution photoacoustic and fluorescence microscopy with sub-µm lateral resolution. With the help of a blood smear, we show that photoacoustic and fluorescence images provide complementary information. Furthermore, we compare theoretically predicted signal-to-noise ratios of sinusoidal modulation in frequency domain with pulsed excitation in time domain.

Keywords: (110.5125) Photoacoustics; (140.2020) Diode lasers; (170.3880) Medical and biological imaging; (170.5120) Photoacoustic imaging; (180.2520) Fluorescence microscopy.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Schematic of the setup. A function generator (f-gen) is used to modulate a cw diode laser (laser 405 nm). Laser light is focused onto the sample by an objective lens (20 × , NA = 0.5). Photoacoustic and luminescence signals are measured via a hydrophone and an avalanche photo-diode (APD), respectively. The lock-in amplifiers (LIA) are set to the modulation frequency. The 3D scanning stage is symbolized by the xyz coordinate system.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
(a) fOR-PAM image of a chromium line target with 120 lines/mm. (b) Profile of the photoacoustic image along the red line.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
fOR-PAM image (a) and simultaneously obtained luminescence image (b) of human red blood cells. (c) Overlay of the photoacoustic and the luminescence image. (d) Bright-field image of the same region.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Lichtman J. W., Conchello J.-A., “Fluorescence microscopy,” Nat. Methods 2(12), 910–919 (2005).10.1038/nmeth817 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Hell S. W., Rittweger E., “Microscopy: Light from the dark,” Nature 461(7267), 1069–1070 (2009).10.1038/4611069a - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bell A. G., “Upon the production of sound by radiant energy,” Am. J. Sci. 20, 305–324 (1880).10.2475/ajs.s3-20.118.305 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Wang Y., Maslov K., Kim C., Hu S., Wang L. V., “Integrated Photoacoustic and Fluorescence Confocal Microscopy,” IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 57(10), 2576–2578 (2010).10.1109/TBME.2010.2059026 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Zhang H. F., Maslov K., Stoica G., Wang L. V., “Functional photoacoustic microscopy for high-resolution and noninvasive in vivo imaging,” Nat. Biotechnol. 24(7), 848–851 (2006).10.1038/nbt1220 - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources