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. 2016 Sep:11:68-72.
doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.07.024. Epub 2016 Jul 20.

HIV DNA Set Point is Rapidly Established in Acute HIV Infection and Dramatically Reduced by Early ART

Jintanat Ananworanich  1 , Nicolas Chomont  2 , Leigh Ann Eller  3 , Eugene Kroon  4 , Sodsai Tovanabutra  3 , Meera Bose  3 , Martin Nau  3 , James L K Fletcher  5 , Somporn Tipsuk  5 , Claire Vandergeeten  6 , Robert J O'Connell  7 , Suteeraporn Pinyakorn  3 , Nelson Michael  8 , Nittaya Phanuphak  5 , Merlin L Robb  3 ; RV217 and RV254/SEARCH010 study groups
Affiliations

HIV DNA Set Point is Rapidly Established in Acute HIV Infection and Dramatically Reduced by Early ART

Jintanat Ananworanich et al. EBioMedicine. 2016 Sep.

Abstract

HIV DNA is a marker of HIV persistence that predicts HIV progression and remission, but its kinetics in early acute HIV infection (AHI) is poorly understood. We longitudinally measured the frequency of peripheral blood mononuclear cells harboring total and integrated HIV DNA in 19 untreated and 71 treated AHI participants, for whom 50 were in the earliest Fiebig I/II (HIV IgM-) stage, that is ≤2weeks from infection. Without antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV DNA peaked at 2weeks after enrollment, reaching a set-point 2weeks later with little change thereafter. There was a marked divergence of HIV DNA values between the untreated and treated groups that occurred within the first 2weeks of ART and increased with time. ART reduced total HIV DNA levels by 20-fold after 2weeks and 316-fold after 3years. Therefore, very early ART offers the opportunity to significantly reduce the frequency of cells harboring HIV DNA.

Keywords: Acute HIV infection; Art; HIV DNA; Persistence; Reservoir.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Plasma HIV RNA of RV217 untreated and RV254 treated acute HIV infection participants. Footnote: The detection limit of HIV RNA was either 1.7 or 1.3 log10copies/ml.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Total and integrated HIV DNA and 2-LTR circles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Fiebig I to IV RV217 untreated and RV254 treated acute HIV infection participants. Footnote: PBMCs: peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Total and integrated HIV DNA and 2-LTR circles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Fiebig I/II RV217 untreated and RV254 treated acute HIV infection participants.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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