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. 2016 Aug;10(4):237-43.
doi: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2015.0078.

Plant-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Trifolium resupinatum seed exudate and their antifungal efficacy on Neofusicoccum parvum and Rhizoctonia solani

Mehrdad Khatami  1 , Meysam Soltani Nejad  2 , Samira Salari  3 , Pooya Ghasemi Nejad Almani  4
Affiliations

Plant-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Trifolium resupinatum seed exudate and their antifungal efficacy on Neofusicoccum parvum and Rhizoctonia solani

Mehrdad Khatami et al. IET Nanobiotechnol. 2016 Aug.

Erratum in

Abstract

In recent years, biosynthesis and the utilisation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has become an interesting subject. In this study, the authors investigated the biosynthesis of AgNPs using Trifolium resupinatum (Persian clover) seed exudates. The characterisation of AgNPs were analysed using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Also, antifungal efficacy of biogenic AgNPs against two important plant-pathogenic fungi (Rhizoctonia solani and Neofusicoccum Parvum) in vitro condition was evaluated. The XRD analysis showed that the AgNPs are crystalline in nature and have face-centred cubic geometry. TEM images revealed the spherical shape of the AgNPs with an average size of 17 nm. The synthesised AgNPs were formed at room temperature and kept stable for 4 months. The maximum distributions of the synthesised AgNPs were seen to range in size from 5 to 10 nm. The highest inhibition effect was observed against R. solani at 40 ppm concentration of AgNPs (94.1%) followed by N. parvum (84%). The results showed that the antifungal activity of AgNPs was dependent on the amounts of AgNPs. In conclusion, the AgNPs obtained from T. resupinatum seed exudate exhibit good antifungal activity against the pathogenic fungi R. solani and N. Parvum.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Plant and seeds of T. resupinatum a Plant b Seeds
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Colour change of the T. resupinatum seed exudates solution containing silver before and after synthesis of AgNPs. a: T. resupinatum seed exudates solution. b, c, d, e: T. resupinatum seed exudates solution containing 1, 2.5, 4, 5 ppm of synthesised AgNPs, respectively
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
UV–Vis spectra of biosynthesised AgNPs by T. resupinatum seed exudates a At different times b At various concentrations
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
XRD pattern of AgNPs synthesised by treating AgNO3 solution with T. resupinatum seed exudates
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
FTIR spectra recorded from powder of the synthesised AgNPs using T. resupinatum seed exudates
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
TEM images and histogram of AgNPs a TEM images of AgNPs in different scales b Histogram of particle size distribution of the AgNPs
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Inhibition effect of AgNPs against a N. parvum on PDA in vitro b R. solani on PDA in vitro CTR: control
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