Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2016 Aug;37(8):871-6.
doi: 10.15537/smj.2016.8.14711.

Is a history of cesarean section a risk factor for abnormal uterine bleeding in patients with uterine leiomyoma?

Tugba Kinay  1 , Zehra O Basarir, Serap F Tuncer, Funda Akpinar, Fulya Kayikcioglu, Sevgi Koc, Jale Karakaya
Affiliations

Is a history of cesarean section a risk factor for abnormal uterine bleeding in patients with uterine leiomyoma?

Tugba Kinay et al. Saudi Med J. 2016 Aug.

Abstract

Objectives: To determine whether a history of cesarean section was a risk factor for abnormal uterine bleeding in patients with uterine leiomyomas, and to identify other risk factors for this symptom.

Methods: We analyzed retrospectively, the medical records of patients who underwent hysterectomies due to the presence of uterine leiomyomas during a 6-year period (2009 and 2014) at Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. Uterine leiomyoma was diagnosed based on histopathological examination of hysterectomy specimens. Demographic characteristics, and laboratory and histopathological findings were compared between patients with uterine leiomyoma with and without abnormal uterine bleeding.

Results: In total, 501 (57.9%) patients had abnormal uterine bleeding and 364 (42.1%) patients had other symptoms. A history of cesarean section was more common in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding than in those with other symptoms (17.6% versus 9.3%, p=0.001; odds ratio [OR]: 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4-3.3). The presence of a submucosal leiomyoma (OR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.5-3.1) and coexistent adenomyosis (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1-2.4) were also associated with abnormal uterine bleeding.

Conclusion: A history of cesarean section was an independent risk factor for abnormal uterine bleeding in patients with uterine leiomyomas; submucosal leiomyoma and coexisting adenomyosis were also independent risk factors.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Case and control group enrollment of 947 patients diagnosed preoperatively with uterine leiomyomas via transvaginal ultrasonography who underwent hysterectomies.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Chabbert-Buffet N, Esber N, Bouchard P. Fibroid growth and medical options for treatment. Fertil Steril. 2014;102:630–639. - PubMed
    1. Owen C, Armstrong AY. Clinical management of leiomyoma. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2015;42:67–85. - PubMed
    1. Divakar H. Asymptomatic uterine fibroids. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2008;22:643–654. - PubMed
    1. Xie RH, Gaudet L, Krewski D, Graham ID, Walker MC, Wen SW. Higher cesarean delivery rates are associated with higher infant mortality rates in industrialized countries. Birth. 2015;42:62–69. - PubMed
    1. Betran AP, Torloni MR, Zhang J, Ye J, Mikolajczyk R, Deneux-Tharaux C, et al. What is the optimal rate of caesarean section at population level?A systematic review of ecologic studies. Reprod Health. 2015;12:57. - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources