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. 2017 May;67(3):415-423.
doi: 10.1007/s12576-016-0474-z. Epub 2016 Jul 28.

The effects of two-stage carotid occlusion on spatial memory and pro-inflammatory markers in the hippocampus of rats

Mehrnoush Moghaddasi  1 , Majid Taati  2 , Payman Asadian  3 , Ali Reza Khalatbary  4 , Raheleh Asaei  5 , Naser Pajouhi  5
Affiliations

The effects of two-stage carotid occlusion on spatial memory and pro-inflammatory markers in the hippocampus of rats

Mehrnoush Moghaddasi et al. J Physiol Sci. 2017 May.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of cerebral hypoperfusion on cognitive ability, TNFα, IL1β and PGE2 levels in both hippocampi in a modified two-vessel occlusion model. Both common carotid arteries of adult male Wistar rats were permanently occluded with an interval of 1 week between occlusions. Learning and memory were significantly decreased after 1 month. This reduction was not significant after 2 months, which may be attributed to blood flow compensation. The TNFα level was significantly increased after 3 h and 1 day. IL1β was significantly increased after 1 day. After a week there was no significant difference in pro-inflammatory levels. Furthermore, there was no difference between right and left hippocampi. It is possible that TNFα and IL1β elevation initiates pathologic processes that contribute to memory impairment.

Keywords: Cerebral hypoperfusion; Hippocampus; Inflammation; Interleukins; Spatial memory.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The effect of cerebral hypoperfusion on escape latency. a 1 month after surgery. b 2 months after surgery. *p < 0.05 in comparison to the control
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The effect of cerebral hypoperfusion on traveled distance in MWM test. a 1 month after surgery. b 2 months after surgery. *p < 0.05 in comparison to the control
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The effect of cerebral hypoperfusion on swimming speed in MWM test. a 1 month after surgery. b 2 months after surgery
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The effect of modified two-vessel occlusion on time spent in target quadrant (%). a 1 month after surgery. b 2 months after surgery. *p < 0.05 in comparison to the hypoperfusion group
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
The effect of cerebral hypoperfusion on TNFα concentration in the hippocampus. *p < 0.05 in comparison to the control. # p < 0.05 in comparison to other time intervals (1 day and 1 week)
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
The effect of cerebral hypoperfusion on IL1β concentration in right hippocampus. *p  < 0.05 in comparison to control
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
The effect of cerebral hypoperfusion on PGE2 concentration in the hippocampus
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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