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Review
. 2016 Jul 29:8:51.
doi: 10.1186/s13098-016-0166-0. eCollection 2016.

Screening for coeliac disease in adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: myths, facts and controversy

Sjoerd F Bakker  1 , Maarten E Tushuizen  1 , Boudewina M E von Blomberg  2 , Hetty J Bontkes  2 , Chris J Mulder  1 , Suat Simsek  3
Affiliations
Review

Screening for coeliac disease in adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: myths, facts and controversy

Sjoerd F Bakker et al. Diabetol Metab Syndr. .

Abstract

This review aims at summarizing the present knowledge on the clinical consequences of concomitant coeliac disease (CD) in adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The cause of the increased prevalence of CD in T1DM patients is a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Current screening guidelines for CD in adult T1DM patients are not uniform. Based on the current evidence of effects of CD on bone mineral density, diabetic complications, quality of life, morbidity and mortality in patients with T1DM, we advise periodic screening for CD in adult T1DM patients to prevent delay in CD diagnosis and subsequent CD and/or T1DM related complications.

Keywords: Clinical characteristics; Coeliac disease; Complications and type 1 diabetes mellitus; Gluten free diet; Quality of life; Screening; Tissue-transglutaminase antibodies.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Mean prevalence of screen detected coeliac disease (CD) in children and adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) around the world. Mean prevalence is calculated from studies with at least 100 patients with T1DM [9]. N indicates the number of screening studies performed on each continent
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Proposed algorithm for the screening and follow-up of coeliac disease (CD) in asymptomatic patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). DXA dual X-ray absorptiometry, GFD gluten free diet, GDS gastroduodenoscopy, TG2A tissue transglutaminase 2 antibodies. 1 IgA TG2A should be evaluated first, in IgA deficient individuals or in patients with high probability of CD IgG TG2A should be performed
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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