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Review
. 2016 Sep;61(9):524-39.
doi: 10.1177/0706743716659418. Epub 2016 Aug 2.

Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) 2016 Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Major Depressive Disorder: Section 2. Psychological Treatments

Sagar V Parikh  1 , Lena C Quilty  2 , Paula Ravitz  2 , Michael Rosenbluth  2 , Barbara Pavlova  3 , Sophie Grigoriadis  2 , Vytas Velyvis  4 , Sidney H Kennedy  2 , Raymond W Lam  5 , Glenda M MacQueen  6 , Roumen V Milev  7 , Arun V Ravindran  2 , Rudolf Uher  3 ; CANMAT Depression Work Group
Affiliations
Review

Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) 2016 Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Major Depressive Disorder: Section 2. Psychological Treatments

Sagar V Parikh et al. Can J Psychiatry. 2016 Sep.

Abstract

Background: The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) has revised its 2009 guidelines for the management of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults by updating the evidence and recommendations. The target audiences for these 2016 guidelines are psychiatrists and other mental health professionals.

Methods: Using the question-answer format, we conducted a systematic literature search focusing on systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Evidence was graded using CANMAT-defined criteria for level of evidence. Recommendations for lines of treatment were based on the quality of evidence and clinical expert consensus. "Psychological Treatments" is the second of six sections of the 2016 guidelines.

Results: Evidence-informed responses were developed for 25 questions under 5 broad categories: 1) patient characteristics relevant to using psychological interventions; 2) therapist and health system characteristics associated with optimizing outcomes; 3) descriptions of major psychotherapies and their efficacy; 4) additional psychological interventions, such as peer interventions and computer- and technology-delivered interventions; and 5) combining and/or sequencing psychological and pharmacological interventions.

Conclusions: First-line psychological treatment recommendations for acute MDD include cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), interpersonal therapy (IPT), and behavioural activation (BA). Second-line recommendations include computer-based and telephone-delivered psychotherapy. Where feasible, combining psychological treatment (CBT or IPT) with antidepressant treatment is recommended because combined treatment is superior to either treatment alone. First-line psychological treatments for maintenance include CBT and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT). Patient preference, in combination with evidence-based treatments and clinician/system capacity, will yield the optimal treatment strategies for improving individual outcomes in MDD.

Keywords: biopsychosocial; clinical practice guidelines; cognitive-behavioural therapy; evidence-based medicine; interpersonal therapy; major depressive disorder; meta-analysis; mindfulness-based interventions; psychotherapy; systematic reviews.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: SVP has been a consultant to Bristol Myers Squibb, Lundbeck, and Takeda; has had a research contract with Assurex; and has equity in Mensante. LCQ, PR, BP, VV, and RU have nothing to disclose. MR received honoraria from AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Canadian Psychiatric Association, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Otsuka, Pfizer, and Sunovion. SG has received honoraria as a consultant, member of an advisory committee, or for lectures from Actavis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly Canada, and Pfizer, as well as research grant support from Canadian Institutes of Health Research, CR Younger Foundation, Ontario Mental Health Foundation, and Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care. SHK has received honoraria for ad hoc speaking or advising/consulting or received research funds from Allergan, Brain Canada, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Janssen, Lundbeck, Ontario Brain Institute, Pfizer, St. Jude Medical, Servier, and Sunovion. RWL has received honoraria for ad hoc speaking or advising/consulting or received research funds from Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, AstraZeneca, Brain Canada, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Canadian Depression Research and Intervention Network, Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments, Canadian Psychiatric Association, Coast Capital Savings, Johnson & Johnson, Lundbeck, Lundbeck Institute, Medscape, Pfizer, St. Jude Medical, Takeda, University Health Network Foundation, and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute. GMM has been on advisory board or speaker for Janssen, Lilly, Lundbeck, and Pfizer. RVM has received speaker and consultant honoraria or research funds from Allergan, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments, Canadian Psychiatric Association, Eli Lilly, Johnson & Johnson, Lallemand, Lundbeck, Merck, Ontario Brain Institute, Ontario Mental Health Foundation, Otsuka, Paladin, Pfizer, Queen’s University, Sunovion, Takeda, the University Health Network Foundation, and Valeant. AVR has received speaker and consultant honoraria or research funds from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Canadian Depression Research and Intervention Network, Canadian Foundation for Innovation and the Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Grand Challenges Canada, Janssen, Lundbeck, Ontario Mental Health Foundation, Pfizer, and Sunovion.

References

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