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. 2016 Jul;5(2):138-47.
doi: 10.7774/cevr.2016.5.2.138. Epub 2016 Jul 29.

QS-21 enhances the early antibody response to oil adjuvant foot-and-mouth disease vaccine in cattle

Can Çokçalışkan  1 , Tunçer Türkoğlu  1 , Beyhan Sareyyüpoğlu  1 , Ergün Uzunlu  1 , Ayca Babak  2 , Banu B Özbilge  1 , Veli Gülyaz  1
Affiliations

QS-21 enhances the early antibody response to oil adjuvant foot-and-mouth disease vaccine in cattle

Can Çokçalışkan et al. Clin Exp Vaccine Res. 2016 Jul.

Abstract

Purpose: One of the most important tools against foot-and-mouth disease, a highly contagious and variable viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals, is vaccination. However, the effectiveness of foot-and-mouth disease vaccines on slowing the spread of the disease is questionable. In contrast, high potency vaccines providing early protection may solve issues with the spread of the disease, escaping mutants, and persistency. To increase the potency of the vaccine, additives such as saponin and aluminium hydroxide are used. However, the use of saponin with an oil adjuvant is not common and is sometimes linked to toxicity. QS-21, which is less toxic than Quil A, has been presented as an alternative for use with saponin. In this study, the addition of QS-21 to a commercially available foot-and-mouth disease water-in-oil-in-water emulsion vaccine was evaluated in cattle.

Materials and methods: After vaccination, serum samples were collected periodically over 3 months. Sera of the QS-21 and normal oil vaccine groups were compared via serum virus neutralization antibody titre and liquid phase blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antibody titre.

Results: The results showed that there was a significant early antibody increase in the QS-21 group.

Conclusion: Strong early virus neutralizing antibody response will be useful for emergency or ring vaccinations against foot-and-mouth disease in target animals.

Keywords: Adjuvant; Cattle; Early antibody response; Foot-and-mouth disease; QS-21; Saponins; Vaccines.

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Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. The mean serum virus neutralizing antibody titres for the groups (type O). VNT, virus neutralization test.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. The virus neutralizing antibody titres of individual animals in both groups (Type O). (A) Montanide ISA206+QS-21. (B) Montanide ISA206. VNT, virus neutralization test.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. The mean serum virus neutralizing antibody titres for the two groups (type A). VNT, virus neutralization test.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. The virus neutralizing antibody titres of individual animals in both groups (type A). (A) Montanide ISA206+ QS-21. (B) Montanide ISA206. VNT, virus neutralization test.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5. The mean serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antibody titres of the two groups (type O).
Fig. 6
Fig. 6. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antibody titres of individual animals in both groups (type O). (A) Montanide ISA206+QS-21. (B) Montanide ISA206.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7. The mean serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antibody titres of the two groups (type A).
Fig. 8
Fig. 8. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antibody titres of individual animals in both groups (type A). (A) Montanide ISA206+QS-21. (B) Montanide ISA206.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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