Cognitive variability-A marker for incident MCI and AD: An analysis for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Affiliations

¹ Department of Human Services, School of Education and Human Services, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA.
² Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
³ Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
⁴ Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
⁵ Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Special Education, School of Education, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
⁶ Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
⁷ Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
⁸ Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.

PMID: 27489880
PMCID: PMC4961828
DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2016.05.003

Cognitive variability-A marker for incident MCI and AD: An analysis for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Eric D Anderson et al. Alzheimers Dement (Amst). 2016.

. 2016 May 26:4:47-55.

doi: 10.1016/j.dadm.2016.05.003. eCollection 2016.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Human Services, School of Education and Human Services, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA.
² Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
³ Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
⁴ Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
⁵ Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Special Education, School of Education, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
⁶ Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
⁷ Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
⁸ Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.

PMID: 27489880
PMCID: PMC4961828
DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2016.05.003

Abstract

Introduction: The potential of intra-individual cognitive variability (IICV) to predict incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD) was examined and compared to well-established neuroimaging and genetic predictors.

Methods: IICV was estimated using four neuropsychological measures for n = 1324 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) participants who were cognitively healthy or diagnosed with MCI at baseline. IICV was used to predict time to incident MCI or AD, and compared to hippocampal volume loss and APOE ε4 status via survival analysis.

Results: In survival analyses, controlling for age, education, baseline diagonosis, and APOE ε4 status, likelihood ratio tests indicate that IICV is associated with time to cognitive status change in the full sample (P < .0001), and when the sample was restricted to individuals with MCI at baseline (P < .0001).

Discussion: These findings suggest IICV may be a low-cost, noninvasive alternative to traditional AD biomarkers.

Keywords: ADNI; Alzheimer's disease; Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative; Biomarker; Cognitive biomarker; Cognitive variability; MCI; Mild cognitive impairment.

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Figures

**Fig. 1**
CONSORT diagram. The terms ADNI 1, ADNI GO, and ADNI 2 each refers to groups of participants who were compiled into one group and included in the study from different funding cycles of the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative abbreviations. The term converters are those who were noted as changing in diagnosis from either cognitively normal (CN) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to MCI or Alzheimer's disease (AD) over the course of the study. Nonconverters are those who did not change in diagnosis over the course of the study.

**Fig. 2**
Survival model including individuals who were cognitively healthy or diagnosed with MCI at baseline.

**Fig. 3**
Survival model including individuals who were diagnosed with MCI at baseline.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Cognitive variability-A marker for incident MCI and AD: An analysis for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Affiliations

Cognitive variability-A marker for incident MCI and AD: An analysis for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

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References

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